physics

1. which unit is not an si base unit?
a a b kg c cc dis

2  whatis the best estimate of the number of atoms in a piece of metal of volume 50 cm°?
a 5x10" b 5x10” c 5x10” d 5x 10%

3  accopper pipe has a true diameter of 42.03 mm.

a builder measures the diameter of the pipe five times using digital calipers. the measurements

are shown.
48.01
47.99
48.01
48.00
47.99

what describes the builder's measurements?

a accurate and precise

b_ accurate but not precise

c not precise and not accurate

d precise but not accurate

4 two forces, each of 10n, act at a point p, as shown. the angle between the directions of the
forces is 120°.
10n
\. 120°
10n
p
what is the magnitude of the resultant force?
a 5n b 10n c 17n d 20n

5 one object moves directly from p to r.
r
e
q
e
p
e
in a shorter time, a second object moves from p to q to r.
which statement about the two objects is correct for the journey from p to r?
a_ they have the same average speed.
b_ they have the same average velocity.
c_ they have the same displacement.
d_ they travel the same distance.

6 a ball is kicked so that it has an initial velocity of 12ms“ at an angle of 50° to horizontal ground.
assume that air resistance is negligible.
12ms*
50°
what is the maximum height above the ground that is reached by the ball?
a 0.47m b 3.0m c 43m d 7.3m

7 acamera drone of mass 1.20kg hovers at a fixed point above the ground. the drone has four
propellers.
is wee
é ll
—_ propeller
u lyn \~
ey n
camera

in a time of 1.00s, each propeller pushes a mass of 0.400 kg of air vertically downwards.
assume that the air above the propellers is stationary.
what is the speed of the air leaving each propeller?
a 0.750ms* b 3.00ms" c 7.36ms" d 29.4ms"

8 a box rests on the earth, as shown.
newton’s third law describes how forces of the same type act in pairs. one of the forces of a pair
is the weight w of the box.
which arrow represents the other force of this pair?
b
box
fil,
not to
scale
earth

9 <asmall ball is held at the surface of liquid oil in a container. the ball is released from rest and
falls through the oil. the ball has velocity v. a viscous (drag) force f acts on the ball.
which graph could show the variation with v of f?
a b cc d
f ip f f
0 0 0 0
0 mv 0 y 0 yw 0 mi

10 an object of mass m, moving at speed u along a frictionless horizontal surface, collides head-on
with a stationary object of mass 4m.
(m+ gn)
before the collision
after the collision, the object of mass m rebounds along its initial path with : of its kinetic energy
before the collision.
what is the speed of the object of mass 4m after the collision?
a # bp su cq su p 3u
8 16 16 8

11 the driver of a car applies two parallel forces to a steering wheel, as shown.
centre of
steering wheel
15n
on 65°
“nw
15na i
; 1
‘ 0.40m ‘
each force has a magnitude of 15n and acts in the direction shown. the steering wheel has a
diameter of 0.40 m.
what is the torque exerted on the steering wheel?
a 1.3nm b 2.5nm c 2.7nm d 54nm

12 a farmer is trying to lift the corner of a large water tank. she uses a metal rod as a lever.
force
from farmer
metal rod
water tank
pivot
the vertical force from the farmer is constant and is always applied to the end of the rod.
which change must increase the upward force on the water tank?
a using a longer rod and moving the pivot closer to the tank
busing a longer rod and moving the pivot further away from the tank
c_ using ashorter rod and moving the pivot closer to the tank
d_ using a shorter rod and moving the pivot further away from the tank

13 the diagram shows a ball of weight w hanging in equilibrium from a string.
r
string
ball
p
9
rod

ww
the string is at an angle @to the vertical. the tension in the string is t. the ball is held away from
the wall by a horizontal force p from a metal rod.
which relationship between the magnitudes of 7, p and wis correct?
a p=tcos@ and w=tsing
b t=p+w
cc t*=p?+w
d w=ptan@ and w=tcos@é

14 which expression for pressure is correct?
a force per unit area
b force per unit volume
c_ mass per unit area
d_ mass per unit volume

15 a ball has a mass of 0.50kg and a volume of 1.3 x 10°°m*. the ball is floating in equilibrium on
still water. the two forces that act on the ball are its weight and the upthrust due to the water.
the density of the water is 1.0 x 10?kgm™.
what is the percentage of the volume of the ball above the surface of the water?
a 3.9% b 38% c 62% d 96%

16 aman sits on a buggy that is pulled along by a wire attached to a kite. the wire is at an angle of
40° to the horizontal and has a constant tension of 200n. the man and buggy travel a distance of
20m along a straight horizontal path. the wire and the path of the buggy are in the same vertical
plane.

‘a kite
200n
wire
: 40°
buggy a mere
co ow
what is the work done by the tension force on the man and buggy?
a 2.6kj b 3.1kj c 3.4kj d 4.0kj

17 a ball is thrown vertically upwards from the surface of the earth.
which statement describes the energy of the ball as it rises through the air?
a the kinetic energy of the ball decreases as the gravitational potential energy decreases.
b_ the kinetic energy of the ball decreases as the gravitational potential energy increases.
c_ the kinetic energy of the ball increases as the gravitational potential energy decreases.
d_ the total energy of the ball increases.

18 a lamp is suspended in equilibrium from a fixed support by three long identical wires.
wires fixed support
lamp
the weight of the lamp causes each wire to have an extension of 0.40cm. the height h of the
lamp above the floor is measured.
the middle wire suddenly breaks and the lamp falls a small distance as the extensions of the
remaining two wires increase. the wires obey hooke’s law.
when the lamp is in equilibrium, the height h of the lamp above the floor is measured again.
what is the difference between the two values of h?
a 0.20cm b  0.27cm c 0.40cm d 0.60cm

19 the force—extension graph for a spring is shown.
force |
0
0 extension
what represents the work done to extend the spring?
a the area under the graph
b the gradient of the graph
c the reciprocal of the gradient of the graph
d twice the area under the graph

20 in an experiment, a student uses a microphone and a cathode-ray oscilloscope (cro) to analyse
a sound wave. the diagram shows the trace on the screen of the cro.
at aft ty tt tna
piet ee es
ivt ttt ey yt ty tt
zager
pt ee ee ey tt
pte eee ey yt tt
li ite tt tt ty yt ee yy
a  ,
the student is expecting a sinusoidal waveform to be shown on the screen.
which changes should the student make to the time-base and the y-gain of the cro so that the
screen shows a continuous trace for one complete cycle of the waveform?
([metase [yn
a decrease decrease
b decrease increase
cc increase decrease
d increase increase

21 the graph shows the variation with time of the displacement of a particle in a progressive wave.
displacement
y
0
time
two measurements, x and y, are labelled on the graph.
what do x and y represent?
eee eee
a amplitude period
b frequency period
cc amplitude wavelength
d frequency wavelength

22 acar travels at a constant speed along a straight line pq.
a loudspeaker attached to the car emits sound of constant frequency f. a stationary observer is
at point o.
po
gsd; ;
what does the observer hear as the car moves from p towards q?
a_ a frequency less than f that decreases as the car moves from p towards q
ba frequency less than f that increases as the car moves from p towards q
c a frequency more than f that decreases as the car moves from p towards q
da frequency more than f that increases as the car moves from p towards q

23 some sources of electromagnetic waves in free space are listed.
1. aradio wave transmitter
2 asource of x-rays
3. a30mm wavelength radar transmitter
4 a light-emitting diode that emits red light
which list gives the sources in order of increasing wavelength, from left to right, of the waves
emitted by the sources?
a 13354 >2
b 2545153
c 2453-51
d 331>4>2

24 a vertically polarised beam of light is incident normally on a polarising filter. the transmission axis
of the filter is at an angle of 40° to the horizontal.
beam of vertically
polarised light
transmission axis
of polarising filter
polarising filter
; 40°
horizontal-----~ es aa beam of
yo transmitted light
what is the ratio emnplitucs of ransmitied beam 2
amplitude of incident beam
a 0.41 b 0.59 c 0.64 d 0.77

25 two progressive waves meet at a point.
which condition must be met for superposition of the waves to occur?
a_ the waves must be coherent.
b_ the waves must be of the same type.
c_ the waves must be travelling in opposite directions.
d_ the waves must meet in phase.

26 asstring is stretched between a vibration generator and a fixed point.
when the vibration generator is vibrating at a frequency f, a stationary wave with five nodes is
created on the stretched string, as shown. there is a node at the end of the string that is attached
to the vibration generator.
fixed point

vibration

generator
the frequency of vibration of the vibration generator is slowly increased.
what is the next frequency that produces a stationary wave on the string?
a 1.25f b 1.50f c 1.75f d = 2.00f

27 a ripple tank and a barrier with a single gap are used to demonstrate the diffraction of surface
ripples on water. initially, the wavelength of the ripples is five times smaller than the gap in the
barrier.

-_
i a
ripples

which change increases the amount of diffraction observed?
a double the amplitude of the ripples

b_ double the width of the gap

c halve the frequency of the ripples

d halve the wavelength of the ripples

28 a laser produces a beam of light of wavelength 650nm. the beam is incident normally on two
slits that are a distance of 0.12 mm apart.
a screen is placed parallel to the slits. the bright interference fringes on the screen have a
separation of 7.5cm.
what is the distance between the screen and the two slits?
a 1.4m b 2.8m cc 7.0m d 14m

29 a beam of light from a laser is incident normally on a diffraction grating.
light beam
110°
diffraction grating
the diagram shows only the second-order maxima that are produced.
the grating has a line spacing of 1.0 x 10m. the angle between the two second-order maxima
is 110°.
what is the wavelength of the light?
a 41x10%m
b 4.7x10’m
c 8.2x10%m
d 9.4x10%m

30 the electric current in a metal wire is 4.0 ma.
how many electrons pass a fixed point in the wire in a time of 10 hours?
a 25x 10'" b 25x10” c 9.0x 107 d 9.0 x 10%

31 what is the definition of the potential difference across an electrical component?
a the charge per unit time passing through the component
b_ the energy transferred per unit charge
c the force per unit charge
d_ the resistance per unit current

32 which graph shows the j—v characteristic of a filament lamp?
a b cc d
i i i i
0 0 0 0
0 vv 0 vv 0 v 0 v

33 a metal wire has a length of 2.50m and a cross-sectional area of 4.50 x 10m’. the resistivity of
the metal is 3.50 x 107qm.
the wire is stretched so that its length increases to 2.65m. the wire remains cylindrical and the
volume of the wire remains constant.
what is the change in the resistance of the wire?
a 0.0120 b 0.0249 c 0.192 d 0.220

34 which circuit symbol represents a microphone?
a b cc d

35 a battery with internal resistance is connected to a fixed resistor, an ammeter and a voltmeter, as
shown.
bes ma.

the battery is replaced by a different battery that has the same electromotive force (e.m.f.) but a
greater internal resistance.
what happens to the readings on the ammeter and voltmeter?

a decreases decreases

b decreases stays the same

cc stays the same decreases

d stays the same stays the same

36 four potential divider circuits each consist of a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 9v and
negligible internal resistance connected to a combination of resistors. each of the resistors in the
circuits has a resistance of x or 2x.

which circuit has the largest output voltage v?
a b
x x
_— ——
9v i 9vv {
— —
x . 2x .
cc d
x x
= ——*
9v | 9v
— —_l_—_
x . x |.

37 a voltmeter is connected into a circuit with the polarity shown.
q
+ =
3v
3v
p
the sliding contact is moved to end p of the potentiometer and then to end q.
what are the two readings of the voltmeter?
sliding contact sliding contact
at end p at end q
a ov 3v
b ov 6v
cc 3v 3v
d 3v 6v

38 a proton has mass m, and charge te.
what are the mass and charge of an antiproton?
[mass [chao |
a —mp +e
b —mp, -e
cc mp +e
d mp, -e

39 auranium nucleus has 92 protons and 143 neutrons.
the nucleus emits a total of 3 a-particles and 4 b particles to form nucleus x.
how can nucleus x be represented?
a tsx b 72x ee d “x

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