physics

1. which row shows a physical quantity and its base unit in the si system?
[awentiy ft
a current a
b force n
cc mass g
d temperature °c

2 acar of mass 850kg is travelling in a horizontal straight line. the diagram shows the two
horizontal forces acting on the car in opposite directions.
7 :
on zoe
4 cie ss
eee %
t ©) et 6)
1200n
one force has magnitude 1200n, and the other force has magnitude 1600 n.
what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the car?
a 0.47ms* b 14ms* cc 1.9ms* d 3.3ms*

3 an object of mass m is suspended by a spring from a fixed point.
spring
object of
mass m
the spring has spring constant k. the object is set into vertical oscillations of period t.
which equation for t is homogeneous with respect to base units?
a t=2n<| b t=20/@] cc t= 24] d r= 2n,|@
m k m k

4 an object of fixed mass is initially at rest at point p. the object then moves away from point p
with uniform acceleration.
which statement describes the resultant force acting on the object when it is moving?
a _itincreases uniformly with respect to time.
b_itis constant but not zero.
c_itis proportional to the displacement from point p.
d_itis zero.

5 a projectile is launched at an angle of 25° to the horizontal with a horizontal component of
velocity of 13ms™'.
what is the vertical component of the velocity of the projectile when it is launched?
a 55ms‘ b 6.1ms" cc 12ms* d 14ms‘

6 a ball is released from rest at position x at time zero. at 1.0s, it bounces inelastically from a
horizontal surface and rebounds, reaching the top of its first bounce at 1.5s.
1 o fetes tes seaessrereeeey
velocity
/ms“
5
0 time/s
0 0.5 1.0 15
a
what is the total displacement of the ball from its original position x at 1.5s?
a 1.25m b  3.75m c 5.00m d 6.25m

7 whatis the definition of acceleration?
a change in velocity per unit time
b_ rate of change of speed per unit time
crate of change of velocity per unit time
d_ resultant force per unit mass

8 two balls p and q, of equal mass, move along a straight line directly towards each other as
shown.
1.30ms* 0.50ms*
ball p has velocity 1.30ms" to the right. ball q has velocity 0.50 ms“ to the left.
p and q collide with one another. the collision is perfectly elastic and the total momentum is
conserved.
which diagram correctly shows the motion of p and q after the collision?
a b
0.22ms" 0.58ms" 0.40ms* 0.40ms*
sa —qqx~ a
c d
0.19ms" 0.99ms" 0.50ms™ 1.30ms
_ —— a al —_  — ——xr“”™

9 a basketball player hits a ball vertically downwards with a speed of 2.4ms™” from a height of
0.90 m.
air resistance is negligible.
what is the speed of the ball as it hits the ground?
a 42ms"‘ b 48ms" cc 18ms* d 23ms'

10 a ball falls through a liquid at a constant speed. it is acted upon by three forces: an upthrust, a
drag force and its weight.
the liquid has a uniform density.
which statement is correct?
a_ the drag force increases with increasing depth.
b_ the drag force is equal to the sum of the upthrust and weight.
c_ the upthrust is constant with increasing depth.
d_ the weight is greater than the sum of the drag force and the upthrust.

11 some small solid cubes each have mass 1.0kg and sides of length 5.0cm. these small cubes
are stacked together to form a large solid cube with sides of length 2.0m.
what is the weight of the large cube?
a 0.39kn b  0.39mn c 0.63mn d 0.63gn

12 a borehole of depth 2000m contains both oil and water, as shown. the pressure due to the
liquids at the bottom of the borehole is 17.5mpa. the density of the oil is 830kgm~ and the
density of the water is 1000 kgm~.

oil }
2000m
water
what is the depth x of the oil?
a 907m b 1000m cc 1090m d 1270m

13 a rod is pivoted at one end. initially the angle @ of the rod to the horizontal is 0°.
the weight of the rod causes a moment m about the pivot.
the rod is then rotated in the vertical plane so that the angle @ of the rod increases from 0° to
180°.
which graph shows the variation of m with 0?
a b
m m
0 0
0 90° 180° 0 go° 180°
a) a)
cc d
m m
0 0
0 90° 180° 0 90 180°
| |

14 a hinged trapdoor is held closed in the horizontal position by a cable.
three forces act on the trapdoor: the weight w of the door, the tension 7 in the cable and the
force h at the hinge.
cable
wall t
trapdoor
hinge
h
ww

which list gives the three forces in increasing order of magnitude?
a h,t,w b t,h,w c wh,t d w,t,h

15 what is the definition of force?
a __ the product of mass and acceleration
b the product of mass and velocity
c_ the rate of change of momentum
d the rate of transfer of energy

16 a boat moves ata constant velocity v through still water.
a constant drag force f acts on the boat.
what is the power used by the boat to move through the water?
a ifv b fv cc 4fvv? d fv?

17 the diagram shows four forces acting on a circular disc.
if
| f
f
e
each force has magnitude f. two of the forces act vertically and the other two forces act
horizontally.
all four forces act in the same plane as the disc. no other forces act on the disc.
the disc has diameter d.
which statement is correct?
a the disc is in equilibrium because the resultant force is zero.
b_ the disc is not in equilibrium because the resultant force is 4f.
c_ the disc is in equilibrium because the resultant torque is zero.
d_ the disc is not in equilibrium because the resultant torque is 2fd.

18 a ball is projected into the air from horizontal ground and follows the path shown in the diagram.
af 2
t
path of ball “on 1.8m 1.6m ah
not to scale *\ horizontal ground
at points q, r, s and t, the ball has kinetic energies ea, er, es and e+ respectively. the heights
above the ground of these four points are shown.
air resistance is negligible.
which difference in kinetic energies is the smallest?
a eq-es b es—ep c e;-ea d e,-er

19 the battery of a small tablet computer is initially uncharged. it is connected to a constant 10w
power supply for 2.0 hours to charge the battery.
the efficiency of the charging process is 80%.
what is the total energy stored in the battery?
a 16x10'j b 1.6x10°j c 58x 10*j d 58x 10°

20 an initially stationary firework explodes and splits into two fragments that move horizontally in
opposite directions.
the total kinetic energy transferred to the fragments by the explosion is e.
one fragment has mass m and the other one has mass 2m.
what is the speed of the fragment of mass m immediately after the explosion?
a {e ep ¢ |= p |4€
m m 3m 3m

21 a spring is fixed at one end and extended by applying force f to the other end. the spring has
extension x and elastic potential energy ep. the spring constant is k.
the spring obeys hooke’s law.
which relationship is correct for this spring?
a epof b epxx c epxk d epo x?

22 a force—extension graph is produced for a metal wire.
what must describe the limit of proportionality of the wire?
a the point at which the wire breaks
b__ the point beyond which hooke’s law is not obeyed
c the point beyond which the wire cannot return to its original length
d the point beyond which the wire starts to deform plastically

23 aspring has a spring constant of 6.0ncm™". it is joined to another spring whose spring constant

is 4.0ncm". a load of 80n is suspended from this composite spring.

6.0ncm*

4.0ncm*

load

80n
what is the extension of this composite spring?
a 80cm b 16cm c 17cm d 33cm

24 the range of frequencies of sound waves emitted by blue whales is 10 hz to 40 hz.
the speed of sound in seawater is approximately 1.5kms~.
what is the approximate range of wavelengths of the sound waves emitted by blue whales?
a 6.7mm to 27mm
b 3.8cmto 15cm
c 6.7mto27m
d 38mto 150m

25 a sound wave is detected by a microphone and displayed on the screen of a cathode-ray
oscilloscope (cro).
pt tt tt tt tt
[rt | i al | a
iat | tpit tta
yi | | ty
pi} y | fey |
pt ht tt ft
plata tnt
| | tal tata tt
pt yi yy
tomft t tt et tt
~ es
1cm
the frequency of the wave is 2.5 khz.
what is the setting on the time-base of the cro?
a 0.1mscm* b 0.4mscm' c= 0.1scm"™ d 04scm*

26 a source of sound waves with constant frequency moves towards a stationary observer.
the observer compares the sound waves arriving at the observer’s position with the waves
emitted by the source of sound.
what is detected by the observer?
a adecreased frequency of the sound waves
b- nochange in frequency of the sound waves
c adecreased wavelength of the sound waves
d_ nochange in wavelength of the sound waves

27 which type of waves cannot be polarised?
a_ radio waves
b_ sound waves
c ultraviolet waves
d x-rays

28 a beam of light with power p has an area of cross-section a.
the amplitude of the light waves in the beam is x.
the beam of light is then changed to one with the same frequency but with an increased
amplitude of 4x and an area of cross-section reduced to >
what is the power of the new beam?
a 1.3p b 5.3p c 12p d 48p

29 two loudspeakers are connected to the same signal generator. the signal generator produces a
single frequency. the loudspeakers face each other so that a stationary sound wave is set up in
the region between the loudspeakers.

oc a
el
to cro
a microphone is connected to a cathode-ray oscilloscope (cro) and positioned between the two
loudspeakers.
the microphone is moved along a line joining the two loudspeakers.
the signal on the cro shows 5 maximum amplitudes as the microphone moves. the
microphone moves a distance of 2.0m from the position that gives the first maximum to the
position that gives the fifth maximum.
what is the wavelength of the sound wave?
a 0.40m b 0.50m c 0.80m d 1.0m

30 two wave sources emit coherent waves.
which condition must be correct for the coherent waves?
a_ the waves are emitted in phase.
b_ the waves are emitted and move in opposite directions.
c_ the waves are emitted with a constant phase difference.
d_ the waves are emitted with the same amplitude.

31 a student sets up an experiment to investigate double-slit interference.
the student uses light of a single wavelength from a laser to illuminate a double slit so that a
pattern of interference fringes is observed on the screen.
screen
fringes
laser i p i observed here
<—__
cy
cor
f
fxs
double slit |
the student finds that the fringes are very close together.
what could the student decrease in order to increase the separation of the fringes on the
screen?
a the distance p from the laser to the double slit
b_ the distance q from the double slit to the screen
c_ the separation r of the slits
d_ the wavelength of the light from the laser

32 what are the definitions of potential difference (p.d.) and electromotive force (e.m.f.), in terms of
energy transfer w and charge q?
[ [ea [emit

ww ww
a ai) ous
q q
ww
b = ww
q q
ww
cc we _—
7 q
d wwq wwaq

33 the diagram shows a network consisting of three resistors.
1.2kq
{
x _2.2ko y
of | o
lt
what is the combined resistance of the network between terminal x and terminal y?
a 0.67kq b 1.6kq c 3.2ka d 8.1kq

34 a resistor dissipates 25 w of power when there is a potential difference (p.d.) of 4.0v across it.
what is the resistance of the resistor?
a 0.16q b 0.640 cc 1002 d 4000

35 the diagram shows a cell with internal resistance connected in parallel with a fixed resistor and a
variable resistor.
i
=>
vv
the resistance of the variable resistor is decreased.
what happens to the potential difference v across the variable resistor and the current j in the
variable resistor?
pot ov |
a decreases decreases
b decreases increases
cc increases decreases
d increases increases

36 a radioactive source produces a beam of a-particles in a vacuum. the average current caused
by the a-particles in the beam is 1.5 x 10°°a.
the beam is incident on a metal target.
what is the average number of a-particles hitting the metal target in a time of 3.0s?
a 47x10° b 9.4.x 10° cc 14x10" d 2.8x 10"

37 the charge carriers in a metal wire are free electrons.
which statement about the charge of each free electron is correct?
a the magnitude of the charge increases with the potential difference across the wire.
b_ the magnitude of the charge is zero unless there is a potential difference across the wire.
c the sign and magnitude of the charge do not depend on the potential difference across the
wire.
d_ the sign of the charge depends on the potential difference across the wire.

38 which flavours of quark have charge + 2e?
[era [vanes [ tee | baton |
a v x v x key
b v x x x v= has charge +e
c x v v v x = does not have charge + $e
d x v x v

39 an unstable nucleus of an element decays by emitting an a-particle or a b particle to become a
nucleus of a different element. this nucleus is also unstable and emits an a-particle or a
b particle. the process continues until an isotope of the original element is produced.
what is the minimum possible number of these particles emitted?
a 2 b 3 cc 4 d5

40 a nucleus of carbon-10, '3c, decays by beta-emission to form a nucleus of boron-10, ‘sb.
for this decay process, what is the change to a nucleon and what is the change in the quark
composition of the nucleon?
change in
change to nucleon —
quark composition
a proton to neutron down becomes up
b proton to neutron up becomes down
cc neutron to proton down becomes up
d neutron to proton up becomes down
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