physics

1. what are the si base units for the moment of a force?
a kgm''s? b_ kgs” c kgms? d kgm’s?

2 which statement about vector quantities is correct?
a acceleration of free fall is a vector quantity because it has a constant magnitude.
b temperature in °c is a vector quantity because it can be positive or negative.
c_ time is a vector quantity because it can only go in the forwards direction.
d_ weight is a vector quantity because it has a direction.

3 the density of the material of a rectangular block is determined by measuring the mass and
linear dimensions of the block. the list shows the results obtained, together with their
uncertainties.

mass = (25.0 + 0.1)g
length = (5.00 + 0.01)cm
width = (2.00 + 0.01)cm
height = (1.00 + 0.01)cm
the density is calculated to be 2.50gcm™.
what is the uncertainty in this result?
a +0.01gcm* b +0.02gcm* c +0.05gcm* d +0.13gcm®

4 what is a reasonable estimate of the volume of one page from this examination paper?
a 60mm? b 600mm? c 6000mm?> d 60000mm?

5 an object is projected from horizontal ground at a velocity of magnitude u and angle @ to the
horizontal. it hits the ground at a time ¢ after it is projected. assume air resistance is negligible.
u
om
which statement does not describe the motion of this object?
a_ the horizontal component of the object’s velocity is constant and has the value ucos@.
b_ the horizontal distance travelled by the object is tucos@.
c_ the time taken for the object to reach maximum height is
d_ the vertical component of the object’s velocity is constant and has the value using.

6 a person, travelling on a motorway a total distance of 200km, travels the first 90km at an
average speed of 80kmh™.
which average speed must be obtained for the rest of the journey if the person is to reach the
destination in a total time of 2 hours 0 minutes?
a 110kmh' b 120kmh"' c 122kmh"* d 126kmh"‘

7 acar of mass 1200kg has momentum 18000kgms’.
what is the kinetic energy of the car?
a 4.65kj b 6.57kj c 135kj d 270kj

8 a ladder is positioned on icy (frictionless) ground and is leant against a rough wall. at the instant
of release it begins to slide.
which diagram shows the directions of the forces p, wand r acting on the ladder as it slides?
a b
p
p
ladder ladder
wall wall
r r
ground ground
c d
p
p
ladder ladder
wall wall
r r
ground ground

9 a toy parachute is dropped from a bridge and falls vertically through the air.
the graph shows the distance travelled by the parachute against time.
which region of the graph shows when the parachute is at terminal velocity?

9 cd
distance 8 4}
tacia pl. | | | |
hn gi. _| [| [a [|

5| | [| bf | |

a

3 /\

> 4} +}

a

oa

0 0.5 1 15 2 2.5 3
time/s

10 a lift (elevator) consists of a passenger car supported by a cable that runs over a light, frictionless
pulley to a counterbalance. the counterbalance falls as the passenger car rises.
s pulley
not to scale
counterbalance p
passenger car
q
fs
i
some masses are shown in the table.
tass
passenger car 520
counterbalance 640
passenger 80
what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the car when carrying just one passenger and when
the pulley is free to rotate?
a 0.032ms” b 0.32ms” c 0.61ms? d 0.65ms?

11. astationary ball of mass m is hit by a bat. the ball leaves the bat with velocity v.
the bat is in contact with the ball for a short time at.
what is the average force of the bat on the ball?
a mvat bw cc imv?at d ene
at at

12 a disc of mass m is moving across a horizontal frictionless surface with constant velocity u. it
collides with a stationary disc of mass 4m.
the diagram shows the view from above of the motion of the two discs before and after the
collision.
before collision after collision
4.0ms"
— v
© ae
jase
ve
what is the initial velocity u of the disc of mass m?
a 1.1ms* b 1.4ms" c 3.5ms" d 5.7ms*

13 an object is dropped from rest on the earth from a height of 2.0m.
the same object is dropped from rest on the moon from twice the height.
the acceleration of free fall on the moon is approximately 16% of the value on the earth.
assume that there are no resistive forces acting on the object.
what isthe rsiie speed of the object just before hitting the surface on the earth 2
speed of the object just before hitting the surface on the moon
a 18 b 25 cc 3.1 d 35

14 the graph shows how velocity v varies with time f for a bungee jumper.
q
vv
r
0
0 t
at which point is the bungee jumper momentarily at rest and at which point does she have zero
acceleration?
: jumper with zero
jumper at rest :
acceleration
a q p
b q r
cc r q
d r r

15 a solid sphere, which is less dense than water, is held completely immersed in water a few
metres below the surface. the density of the water is uniform.
the sphere is released. immediately after release, the sphere rises.
which row describes the changes in the magnitudes of the upthrust on the sphere and the
resultant force on the sphere as it rises?
upthrust on resultant force
the sphere on the sphere
a constant decreasing
b constant increasing
cc decreasing decreasing
d decreasing increasing

16 a uniform bar of weight 200n and length 4.0m is freely hinged on a wall at one end. the bar is
horizontal and is held in equilibrium by a cable attached at a distance of 0.50m from the other
end. the cable is at an angle of 35° to the horizontal.

wall
ea
t

a

pr

'0.50m

a

; 4.0m
what is the tension t in the cable?
a 140n b 170n c 200n d 400n

17 the diagrams all show a pair of equal forces acting on a metre rule.
which diagram shows forces that provide a couple and zero resultant force?
a b c d

18 a ball of mass m is thrown up to height h in air with an initial velocity v, as shown.
ton.
ee q
air resistance is negligible. the acceleration of free fall is g.
what is the total work done by the gravitational force on the ball during its flight from p to q?
a zero b imv? c mgh d 2mgh

19 a spring of spring constant 30nm“* is suspended vertically from its top. the spring obeys
hooke’s law. initially the spring is not compressed and not stretched. a mass of 0.50kg is
attached to the bottom of the spring. the mass is released from rest and falls.

frictional effects are negligible.
in the motion that follows, what is the maximum extension of the spring?
a 0.017m b 0.033m c 0.16m d 0.33m

20 a wire has original length l and cross-sectional area a. a tensile force f is applied to the wire
which causes it to have extension x. the wire obeys hooke’s law.
what is an expression for the young modulus of the material from which the wire is made?
a stress x xx b a cc fxx d strain
l ax strain axl stress

21 a wire is stretched by a gradually increasing force. the force—extension graph for the wire is
shown.
ss
r
force
q
p
0
0 extension
which statement must be correct?
a_ point q is the elastic limit.
b_ point r is the limit of proportionality.
c_ the area under the graph from p to s is the elastic potential energy stored in the wire.
d_ the area under the graph from p to s is the work done in stretching the wire.

22 a spring has an unstretched length of 0.30m and a spring constant of 400nm‘. an object is
suspended from the spring and the spring is deformed within its limit of proportionality. the new
length of the spring is 0.50m.

what is the elastic potential energy stored in the spring?
a 8.0j b 16j cc 40j d 50j

23 avwire consists of a 3.0m length of metal x joined to a 1.0m length of metal y.

the cross-sectional area of the wire is uniform.

x ; m

¥ [1 .om

load

a load hung from the wire causes metal x to extend by 1.5mm and metal y to extend by 1.0mm.
the same load is then hung from a second wire of the same cross-sectional area, consisting of a
1.0m length of metal x and a 3.0 m length of metal y.
both wires are extended within their limit of proportionality.
what is the total extension of this second wire?
a 2.5mm b 3.5mm c 48mm d 5.0mm

24 the graph shows the variation of the displacement with distance for a progressive wave at one
instant in time.
displacement ;
0

0 1.q b.o 4.0 5.0 6.0

| distance/cm
the period of the wave is 91 ms.
what can be determined about the wave?
a ithas a velocity of 0.44ms” and a frequency of 11 hz.
b_ ithas a velocity of 0.55ms™' and a wavelength of 5.0cm.
c_itis longitudinal and has a frequency of 11 hz.
d_itis transverse and has a wavelength of 4.0cm.

25 which group of electromagnetic waves is arranged in order from shortest wavelength to longest
wavelength?
a_ radio waves — visible light > gamma rays
b visible light > microwaves — infrared
c visible light > ultraviolet > x-rays
d x-rays > infrared > microwaves

26 awave has a frequency of 5 ghz.
what is the period of the wave?
a 200ps b 2ns c 20ns d 20000,us

27 three statements about two progressive waves are listed.
1 the waves have the same frequency.
2 the waves have the same amplitude.
3 the waves are emitted with a constant phase difference.
which statements must be correct for the two waves to be coherent?
a 1,2and3 b jiand2only c t1and3only d 2and3 only

28 waves p and q have the same amplitude. the waves meet in phase at point x and interfere to
give a resultant wave with intensity i.
the amplitude of wave p is doubled.
what is the new intensity of the resultant wave at x, in terms of i?
a 0.441 b 1.51 c 2.31 d 3.01

29 radio waves can be polarised, but sound waves cannot be polarised.
which statement gives the reason for this?
a_ radio waves are generally of a higher frequency than sound waves.
b_ radio waves are transverse waves, but sound waves are longitudinal waves.
c radio waves can travel through a vacuum, but sound waves cannot travel through a
vacuum.
d_ radio waves travel at a much higher speed than sound waves.

30 light of wavelength 2 is incident normally on a diffraction grating with a total number of n lines in
width w.
a second order maximum is observed at an angle of diffraction 6.
what is n?
a wid b ana, c wsin@ d wsing
sind sind 2a a

31 kirchhoffs second law is a consequence of a basic principle.

what is this principle?

a_ the charge flowing in an electric circuit is conserved.

b_ the energy in an electric circuit is conserved.

c_ the sum of the electric currents entering a point in an electric circuit is equal to the sum of
the electric currents leaving that point.

d_ the sum of the potential differences in an electric circuit is equal to the sum of the products
of the current and resistance.

32 the diagram shows a circuit with a light-dependent resistor (ldr).
10kq 6.0kq
o
12v (a)
oo
‘
30kq
the ammeter reads zero current.
what is the resistance of the ldr?
a 6.0kq b 18kq c 26kq d 30kq

33 a torch uses three lamps connected in parallel and is powered by a cell of electromotive force
(e.m.f.) 3.0v and negligible internal resistance. each lamp dissipates 0.60 w of power.
what is the current in the cell?
a 0.067a b 0.20a c 0.60a d 0.83a

34 a cell with internal resistance is connected to a light-dependent resistor (ldr), a fixed resistor
and a voltmeter, as shown.
ns
the voltmeter reading increases.
which quantity decreases as the voltmeter reading increases?
a_ the charge moving through the cell per unit time
b the energy transferred to the fixed resistor per unit charge
c the intensity of the light incident on the ldr
d_ the terminal potential difference across the cell

35 the circuit shown contains a cell with negligible internal resistance.
|
the energy transferred per unit charge in driving charge around the complete circuit is e. the
potential difference (p.d.) across x is v.
the cell is then replaced with a different cell of the same electromotive force (e.m.f.) that has
significant internal resistance.
what is the effect on e and v of replacing the cell?
effect on e effect on v

a decreases decreases

b decreases increases

cc no change decreases

d no change increases

36 in the circuits shown, the batteries are identical and all have negligible internal resistance. all of
the resistors have the same resistance. the diodes have zero resistance when conducting and
infinite resistance when not conducting.

in which circuit is the current in the battery greatest?
a b
= me
i i
a a
cc d
ets era
i i
a _—

37 a potentiometer circuit is used to determine the electromotive force (e.m.f.) e of a cell. the circuit
includes a second cell of e.m.f. 1.5v and internal resistance 0.50 that is connected to a uniform
resistance wire xy, as shown.

' 1.5v
! 0.50q |
0.64m ;
x ¥
z
uniform resistance wire
length 0.96m
resistance 0.50q
e
the resistance wire xy has a length of 0.96 m and a resistance of 0.50.
the movable connection z is moved along wire xy. the galvanometer reading is zero when
length xz is 0.64 m.
what is the value of e.m.f. e?
a 0.50v b 0.75v cc 1.0v d 1.1v

38 which particle is not a fundamental particle?
a charm quark
b_ electron
c_ neutrino
d_ neutron

39 the isotope fluorine-18, "8f, undergoes b* decay to form a stable isotope.
how many neutrons are there in a nucleus of the stable isotope?
a 7 b 8 c 9 d 10

40 which statement is correct?
a a baryon is a hadron and consists of 2 quarks.
b  ameson is a hadron and consists of 3 quarks.
c_ anelectron is a fundamental particle and is a lepton.
d  aneutrino is a fundamental particle and is a hadron.

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