biology

1. what are two characteristics of all living organisms?
a breathing and reproduction
b_ photosynthesis and excretion
c_ reproduction and respiration
d_ respiration and photosynthesis

2 the photograph shows an organism.
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a a é ; if &
xx sr " os f yr
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‘ 3 ‘ a \ a
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which visible feature can be used to classify this organism as a bird?
a feathers
b lays eggs
c_ two legs
d_ wings

3 which statement about cell structure is correct?
a_ an animal cell has a cell wall.
ba bacterium has a cell wall.
c_ ananimal cell has chloroplasts.
d_ a bacterium has chloroplasts.

4 the diameter of an egg cell from a frog is 2.5mm.
the diameter of an egg cell from a human is 120 um.
which value shows approximately how many times larger an egg cell from a frog is than an egg
cell from a human?
a x2 b x21 c x48 d- x300

5 when a plant cell is put into pure water it ......1...... water by osmosis and becomes ......2...... .
which words should be used to fill gaps 1 and 2 to complete the sentence?
popo

a gains plasmolysed
b gains turgid
cc loses plasmolysed
d loses turgid

6 the graph shows the results of an investigation into the effect of oxygen on the uptake of glucose
by cells.
ueeeeorcrrcccooo-- with oxygen
mass of glucose we
taken into cells ge
2 no oxygen
time

which conclusion can be made about these data?
a_ glucose only enters the cells by active transport.
b_ glucose only enters the cells by diffusion.
c_ glucose enters the cells by both active transport and diffusion.
d_ glucose enters the cells by osmosis.

7 the table shows the results of food tests carried out on a fruit.
test benedict ss biuret ethanol iodine
solution emulsion solution
what did the fruit contain?
a fat and reducing sugar
b fat and starch
c protein and reducing sugar
d protein and starch

8 what describes the structure of dna?
a_ each strand contains chemicals called fatty acids.
b_ each strand contains a sequence of amino acids.
c_ each strand contains mrna.
d_ two strands coil to form a double helix.

9 the statements are about enzymes.
1 enzymes are catalysts.
2 enzymes are proteins.
3 enzymes are used up during chemical reactions.
which statements are correct?
a 1,2and3 b 1and2only c 1and3only d = 2and3only

10 when the temperature increases, the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction increases until the
optimum temperature is reached.
which statement explains why the rate increases?
a the enzyme and substrate have more kinetic energy and collide less frequently.
b the enzyme and substrate have less kinetic energy and collide more frequently.
c_ the enzyme and substrate have more kinetic energy and collide more frequently.
d_ the enzyme and substrate have less kinetic energy and collide less frequently.

11 a plant with variegated leaves was placed in a dark cupboard for 48 hours so that all the starch
was removed from the leaves. the variegated leaves have green parts and white parts.
black paper was then fixed on one leaf and the plant was exposed to the light.

after 24 hours, which region of the leaf contained starch?
green central region white outer region
a r
nen
la
a
c n
d
black paper is attached to
both sides of the leaf

12 the graph shows the rate of photosynthesis with increasing light intensity.
rate of 2 3 4
photosynthesis

1
light intensity
where is light intensity a limiting factor for photosynthesis?
a between 1 and 2
b_ between 1 and 3
c_ between 2 and 4
d_ between 3 and 4

13 in humans, which two components of the diet can be broken down to release energy?
a carbohydrate and fat
b_ carbohydrate and mineral ions
c protein and water
d_ vitamins and protein

14 which is a part of the small intestine?
a colon
b_ ileum
c oesophagus
d- rectum

15 which combination of environmental factors will cause the largest increase in the transpiration
rate in a plant?
[[windspecd | hunisiy [temperature | ightintosiy_|
a high high low low
b high low high high
cc low high low high
d low low high low

16 the diagrams represent the movement of substances between plant cells. the arrows indicate
the direction the substance is moving in.
which diagram of translocation is correctly labelled?
a b
source sink
fj glucose i glucose
c le
ott ns soa
sink source
phloem phloem
cc d
source sink
ej sucrose ? sucrose
. le
ott ns scan
sink source
phloem phloem

17 the diagram shows a section of the human heart.
which label identifies the right ventricle?
\/
a
d cc

18 the diagrams show sections through three types of blood vessel. they are not drawn to the
same scale.
1 2 3
(dp
jw 7 q
i \, ( \)
( " ( "
i / \ ()
4 p \ ()
w [7
van s ee
dane 7
in which order will red blood cells flow through these vessels in the human body when travelling
from the aorta to the right atrium of the heart?
a 15253 b 15352 c 253-1 d 3>1>2

19 when a person is given a vaccine, a harmless pathogen is injected. the pathogen has ......1......
which cause lymphocytes to produce ......2...... . this is an example of ......3...... immunity.
which words should be used to fill gaps 1, 2 and 3 to complete the sentences?
i ee ee
a antigens antibodies active
b antigens antibodies passive
cc antibodies antigens active
d antibodies antigens passive

20 what happens when a person breathes in?
a_ the external intercostal muscles and the internal intercostal muscles contract.
b_ the external intercostal muscles and the internal intercostal muscles relax.
c_ the external intercostal muscles relax and the internal intercostal muscles contract.
d_ the external intercostal muscles contract and the internal intercostal muscles relax.

21 which graph shows the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
a b
enzyme enzyme
activity activity
temperature temperature
cc d
enzyme enzyme
activity activity
temperature temperature

22 after running a fast race, some students have pains in their leg muscles due to a build up of lactic
acid. a student wrote this explanation.
1 during the race, the cells did not have enough oxygen for aerobic respiration.
2 anaerobic respiration occurs so some energy is released from glucose.
3. the lactic acid is produced by aerobic respiration.
which statements explain why the lactic acid built up in the muscles?
a 1and2 b 1 only c 2and3 d = 3only

23 what is the name of the process that produces urea and the organ where urea is formed?
| ki | ss
producing urea urea is formed
a deamination kidney
b denitrification kidney
cc deamination liver
d denitrification liver

24 the diagram shows the gap between two neurones.
xx
what is the name of x?
a neurotransmitter
b_ receptor
c synapse
d vesicle

25 which statements are correct for cone cells in the eye?
1 cone cells are located in the fovea of the retina.
2 cone cells detect colour.
3 cone cells are more sensitive to light than rod cells.
a 1,2and3 b 1and2only c t1and3only d = 2and3only

26 the diagram shows the structure of the human skin.
which structure constricts to reduce heat loss?
a
coy [| eben
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anim awe b
_ it j
cc

27 where are the hormones oestrogen and progesterone produced during pregnancy?
a amniotic sac
b_ oviducts
c placenta
d_ umbilical cord

28 the umbilical artery takes blood from the fetus to the placenta.
the umbilical vein carries blood from the placenta to the fetus.
how do the contents of the umbilical artery differ from those of the umbilical vein?
| | carbon dioxide | oxygen | urea
a less more less
b less less more
cc more more less
d more less more

29 which row shows some of the features involved in natural selection?
hany offsarin humans choose alleles are
y pring desirable passed onto
are produced :
features offspring
a jv x x key
b x v x /=yes
cc x v v xx=no
d v x v

30 which substance is coded for by a length of dna?
a_ base
b_ glucose
c_ glycerol
d lipase

31 the diagram shows the sex chromosomes of a woman and of a man. their genotypes for a
recessive sex-linked condition are also shown.
aeea a key
ais dominant
( a is recessive
what are the chances that their daughter will show the sex-linked condition?
a 0% b 25% c 50% d 75%

32 which punnett square shows a test cross that identifies a heterozygous parent?
a b cc d
t ti aj t ‘ll t t t
so
ee re) or) aie

33 what is a definition of variation?
a having two identical alleles of a particular gene
b _ individuals of the same species in one area
c_ differences between individuals of the same species
d the way in which new alleles are formed

34 what is a feature of some xerophytes?
a large air spaces in the tissues
b leaves rolled up and covered with hairs
c_ leaves with stomata on the upper surface
d thin cuticle

35 where does the energy being transferred along a food chain originally come from?
a producer
b__ photosynthesis
c_ carbon dioxide
d_ the sun

36 which diagram shows a pyramid of biomass for a forest?
a b
cc d

37 which substance is an enzyme used in fruit juice production?
a lactase
b_ maltose
c_pectinase
d_ pepsin

38 the diagram shows some of the effects of human activity on a river.
bacteria use up ithe | | ey
dissolved oxygen yf | | \ | f

y wey vi nw
aquatic plants a
grow quickly fish die from
lack of oxygen
what could have caused these effects?
a _ air pollution
b_ deforestation
c_oover-use of fertilisers
d presence of herbicides

39 genetic modification has been used to produce human insulin in bacterial cells.
what is inserted into the bacterial cells to produce human insulin?
a ahuman nucleus
b human plasmids
c recombinant insulin
d_ recombinant plasmids

40 penicillin is made in a fermenter by growing organisms.
which type of organism is used in the production of penicillin?
a bacterium
b_ fungus
c protoctist
d virus

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