biology

1. what are characteristics of all living organisms?
a breathing, growth and movement
b_ egestion, nutrition and reproduction
c_ digestion, excretion and respiration
d reproduction, respiration and sensitivity

2 using the binomial system, the name of a lion is panthera leo.
which statement is correct?
a_ the lion belongs to the kingdom panthera.
b_ the lion belongs to the genus panthera.
c_ the lion belongs to the species panthera.
d_ the lion belongs to the genus /eo.

3 the diagram shows an organism called chlamydomonas.
ribosomes i
. ; ! fy , \\ nucleus
mitochondrion (3 }
eo) chloroplast
which processes can chlamydomonas carry out?
a photosynthesis and respiration only
b_ photosynthesis, respiration, and protein synthesis
c_ protein synthesis and respiration only
d respiration only

4 the diagram shows the structure of a palisade cell from a leaf.
which structure contains chlorophyll?
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c
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5 a diagram of a white blood cell has a diameter of 76mm. the magnification of the diagram is
x8000.
what is the actual diameter of the white blood cell?
a 0.095um b 0.95um c 9.5um d 95.0um

6 which diagram shows the appearance of a plant cell after it is placed in pure water?
a b
ave ef fe
cc d

7 which process requires active transport?
a oxygen movement from the alveoli to the blood
bion uptake by root hair cells from the soil
c_ water movement through a plant by transpiration pull
d absorption of water into a lacteal in a small intestine villus

8 which row shows the chemical elements contained in fats?
[| -catbon | hucrogen | nivesen | onveen
a v v x v key
b v x v x v= present
cc x v v v x = absent
d v v x x

9 glycogen is a large molecule made from smaller molecules.
which smaller molecules is glycogen made from?
a amino acids
b fatty acids
c_ glucose
d glycerol

10 the graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of a reaction catalysed by an enzyme.
: x
rate of reaction
temperature

which statement explains the shape of the graph at section x?

a_ the enzyme is not the correct one to act on this substrate.

b_ the enzyme is starting to denature.

c_ the number of active sites is increasing.

d_ the frequency of enzyme-substrate collisions is increasing.

11 during growth, potato plants produce flowers and underground storage organs called tubers.
during this time, which parts of the plant act as sources and sinks for translocation?
[towers | teaves [potato tubes

a sink sink source
b sink source sink
cc source sink source
d source source sink

12 the diagram shows an experiment investigating the effect of light intensity on an aquatic plant.

y y

wg yw light ww y light

a ~=<— source ar ~<— source

qe yas,

rn ——
pp 20cm q 10cm

photosynthesis occurred in both test-tube p and test-tube q. both test-tubes were kept at the
same temperature. the number of bubbles produced in test-tube p was 12 bubbles per minute.
what is the most likely number of bubbles produced in one minute in test-tube q?
a 0 b 3 cc 12 d 48

13 which human teeth are used for biting and cutting food?
a canines and molars
b incisors and canines
c_ molars and premolars
d premolars and incisors

14 the diagram shows part of the human digestive system.
which organ produces hydrochloric acid?
a
b
d 5
cc

15 the diagram shows the structure of a villus. the artery, capillary, lacteal and vein are labelled
with letters.
which letter shows where nutrients are absorbed into the blood?
0060:
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direction of blood flow

16 by which process is water vapour lost from a leaf?
a active transport
b_ diffusion
c_ osmosis
d photosynthesis

17 the pathway taken by water through a plant is shown.
root hair cells — root cortex cells + z — mesophyll cells
which part of the pathway is z?
a palisade cells
b_ phloem
c_ stomata
d= xylem

18 the graph shows the thickness of the muscular wall in each of the four chambers of the
mammalian heart.
which chamber is the right ventricle?
thickness of
muscular wall
a b c d
heart chamber

19 which row shows correct features of the circulatory system of a fish?
number of times
number of number of blood flows through
atria ventricles the heart during one
circuit of the body
a one one one
b one two two
cc two one two
d two two two

20 cholera infection can cause the following events.
1 cells lining the small intestine secrete chloride ions.
2 cholera bacteria produce a toxin.
3. chloride ions move into the small intestine.
4 water from the blood moves into the small intestine by osmosis.
5 water potential of fluid in the small intestine becomes lower.
which sequence of events will cause diarrhoea?
a 1353525455
b 2351>53>5->4
c 3717545552
d 2353>1>4-55

21 which row shows the composition of expired air from a healthy person?
[ae oe [ae
a 0.04 21 saturated
b 0.04 16 variable
cc 4 21 variable
d 4 16 saturated

22 the table shows the relative concentrations of urea in the blood entering and leaving the kidneys
and liver.
which row is correct?
highest concentration | lowest concentration
of urea in the blood of urea in the blood
a entering kidneys leaving liver
b entering kidneys entering liver
cc leaving kidneys entering liver
d leaving kidneys leaving liver

23 which statement about anaerobic respiration is correct?

a_ anaerobic respiration requires oxygen and releases less energy per glucose molecule than
aerobic respiration.

b_ anaerobic respiration requires oxygen and releases more energy per glucose molecule than
aerobic respiration.

c_ anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and releases less energy per glucose
molecule than aerobic respiration.

d_ anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and releases more energy per glucose
molecule than aerobic respiration.

24 during exercise an oxygen debt may occur in muscles.
what is the cause of this oxygen debt?
a_ aerobic respiration causes a decrease in lactic acid.
b_ aerobic respiration causes an increase in lactic acid.
c_ anaerobic respiration causes a decrease in lactic acid.
d_ anaerobic respiration causes an increase in lactic acid.

25 the diagram shows parts of the body involved in excretion in humans.
us nn
£— =
| | | |
¥.
z
what are the labelled parts?
pop ow
a bladder ureter kidney urethra
b kidney ureter bladder urethra
cc bladder urethra kidney ureter
d kidney urethra bladder ureter

26 the diagram shows a reflex action when a person touches a hot object and pulls their hand

away.
hot skin on arm hand
: neurone relay neurone
object | > hand > > > — | muscle | > | pulled
f neurone g

touched e h away
which letter correctly identifies a structure?
a_ eis called the effector.
b_ fis called the motor neurone.
c_ gis called the motor neurone.
d_ his called the receptor.

27 aight source is placed on one side of a growing plant.
what is the correct explanation of the role of auxin in shoot growth?
a_ auxin is equally distributed in response to light and stimulates cell elongation.
b_ auxin is equally distributed in response to light and inhibits cell elongation.
c_ auxin is unequally distributed in response to light and stimulates cell elongation.
d_ auxin is unequally distributed in response to light and inhibits cell elongation.

28 which statement about antibiotics is correct?
a_ antibiotics are drugs.
b_ antibiotics are produced by white blood cells.
c_ antibiotics can become resistant to bacteria.
d_ antibiotics kill viruses.

29 the graph shows the number of cases of disease caused by mrsa bacteria in hospitals in one
city between 1998 and 2010.
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25 i i at 0 sd
25 i i a 0 a
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1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
year
what was the percentage change in the number of cases between 2002 and 2003?
a 44% b 56% c 127% d 227%

30 some descriptions of reproduction are listed.
1 formation of a zygote with a diploid nucleus
2. formation of a zygote with a haploid nucleus
3 fusion of diploid nuclei of two gametes
4 fusion of haploid nuclei of two gametes
which are correct descriptions of sexual reproduction in humans?
a iand3 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 2and4

31 which statement about pollination in plants is correct?

a cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the style of the same
flower.

b_ cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower
on a different plant of the same species.

c_self-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the filament of the same
flower.

d_ self-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower on
a different plant.

32 the graph shows the changes in the concentration of a hormone that is involved in controlling

the menstrual cycle.

hormone

concentration t

0 14 28
time/days

what is the hormone?
a fsh
b lh
c_ oestrogen
d progesterone

33 pea plants produce either yellow or green seeds. yellow (y) is dominant to green (y).
what are the most likely phenotypes of the offspring of a cross between yy and yy plants?
a 50% yellow and 50% green
b_ 75% yellow and 25% green
c 100% yellow
d 100% green

34 the diagram shows the chromosomes of a cell after they have replicated and just before the cell
divides by mitosis.
which pair of cells will be produced at the end of mitosis?
a b
cc d

35 the table shows the number of stomata per mm? on the upper and lower epidermis of four
different plants.
which plant is most likely to be a hydrophytic plant?
number of stomata per mm?
a 25 16
b 70 88
cc 460 0
d 0 150

36 in which process in the nitrogen cycle do microorganisms take nitrogen from the air and convert it
into nitrogen compounds?
a decomposition
b_ denitrification
c nitrification
d nitrogen fixation

37 an increased concentration of nitrates in water may result in the death of fish because of
eutrophication.
some stages of eutrophication are given.
1 increased aerobic respiration by decomposers
2 increased decomposition after death of producers
3 increased growth of producers
4 reduction in dissolved oxygen
what is the order of these stages that results in the death of fish?
a 15453 >2
b 132>4->3
c 332>1>4
d 3>4>52->1

38 which word describes the number of different species in an area?
a biodiversity
b community
c ecosystem
d_ population

39 which statement is an advantage of genetically modifying crops?
a less pesticide is used if the genetically modified crop is resistant to pests.
b_ more herbicide is used if the genetically modified crop is resistant to herbicide.
c_ seeds for genetically modified crops are more expensive.
d_ the genetically modified crop genes may be passed to other plants.

40 which statements are correct descriptions of parts of the process of protein synthesis?
1 amino acids are made by the ribosomes.
2 mrna is copied.
3. the gene coding for the protein moves into the nucleus.
4 the ribosome assembles the amino acids into protein molecules.
5 the sequence of amino acids is determined by the sequence of bases in the mrna.
a 1,2,3,4and5
b 1,3 and 4 only
c 2,3 and 5 only
d 4and 5 only

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