biology

1. which characteristic do all living organisms show?
a breathing
b_ excretion
c photosynthesis
d_ tropism

2 ~~ what kind of skin do amphibians have?
a dry without scales
b_ dry with scales
c moist without scales
d_ moist with scales

3 some components of cells are listed.
1 cell membrane
2 cell wall
3. chloroplasts
4 cytoplasm
which cell components are present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
a iand2 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 3and4

4 the image shows a pollen grain from a grass plant.
ee a
baa ran
were nanrrans
‘srsa rrr
se

the image has a length of 60mm.
the actual length of the pollen grain is 500 um.
what is the magnification of the pollen grain?
a x0.12 b_ x30 cc x120 d-= x30000

5 what will increase the rate of diffusion across a gas exchange surface?
a adecrease in the concentration gradient
b- adecrease in the diffusion distance
c  adecrease in the kinetic energy of molecules
d a decrease in the surface area of the gas exchange surface

6 what happens when potato plant cells are placed in pure water?
a water enters the cells and they become plasmolysed.
b_ water enters the cells and they become turgid.
c_ water leaves the cells and they become plasmolysed.
d_ water leaves the cells and they become turgid.

7 the diagrams show four molecules.
c represents carbon, h represents hydrogen, o represents oxygen and n represents nitrogen.
which structure is an amino acid?
a b c d
ch,oh h h oh fe) ch2oh
h og bie —eear ttl ¢ -_
oh h n | | oh ho h
ho oh h oh
h oh m oh
ch,oh

8 the diagram shows the effect of changing the temperature on the time taken for an enzyme to
digest starch.
xx
time taken to
digest starch
¥
temperature
which statement about the results is correct?
a_ the optimum temperature is at x and the rate of reaction decreases between x and y.
b_ the optimum temperature is at x and the rate of reaction increases between x and y.
c_ the optimum temperature is at y and the rate of reaction decreases between x and y.
d_ the optimum temperature is at y and the rate of reaction increases between x and y.

9 which structure contains the pigment that transfers energy from light into chemical energy?
a chloroplast
b~ mitochondrion
c nucleus
d_ ribosome

10 which region in the leaf of a green plant contains phloem?
a _palisade mesophyll
b_ spongy mesophyll
c upper epidermis
d_ vascular bundle

11 the table shows the percentage of the daily recommended intake of nutrients in a serving of four
foods.
which food would be the best choice to prevent scurvy?
percentage of daily recommended intake
in a serving of food
esl for vitamin vitamin
cc d
a 71 1 0 6
b 24 11 2 73
cc 3 3 72 0
d 1 72 1 0

12 what is the correct order of the processes that take place in the alimentary canal?
a absorption, digestion, ingestion, egestion
b_ digestion, ingestion, egestion, absorption
c_ egestion, digestion, absorption, ingestion
d ingestion, digestion, absorption, egestion

13 why does chewing food speed up digestion?
a bacteria in the food are killed.
b_ food is mixed with protease.
c_ the surface area of the food is increased.
d_ the taste of food is improved.

14 which substances are produced by the action of amylase on starch?
a_ amino acids
b fatty acids and glycerol
c ssalts
d sugars

15 the diagram shows a section through a villus.
ir
lo —~)
(ze\
a i
as
a ry
h an:
f h key
h oia —+» direction of
a h blood flow
hie th
hy h
2 a pe a
jisa\
< oo
0
cary
el of | 4
tre
_—» —
several hours after a meal, where will the highest concentrations of amino acids and of glucose
be found in the villus?
highest highest
concentration of concentration of
amino acids glucose
a 4 1
b 1 2
cc 2 1
d 3 3

16 the diagram shows a cross-section of a plant root.
q
©)
1@)
ie
e)

what is a function of the part labelled q?
a storage of starch
b _ structural support
c transport of amino acids
d transport of glucose

17. which part of the heart separates the deoxygenated and oxygenated blood?
a atrium muscle wall
b atrioventricular valve
c septum
d ventricle muscle wall

18 the diagrams show four components of blood.
which component produces antibodies?
a b cc d
<—~ 00 i)
308 say
nail 0, 000

19 the cholera bacterium produces a toxin. the toxin causes the secretion of chloride ions into the

lumen of the small intestine.

why does this cause diarrhoea?

a_ the water potential in the lumen of the small intestine decreases and water moves into the
small intestine by osmosis.

b_ the water potential in the lumen of the small intestine increases and water moves into the
small intestine by osmosis.

c_ the water potential in the lumen of the small intestine decreases and water moves out of
the small intestine by osmosis.

d_ the water potential in the lumen of the small intestine increases and water moves out of
the small intestine by osmosis.

20 which structure contains cartilage?
a alveoli
b~ diaphragm
c _ intercostal muscle
d_ trachea

21 the diagram shows the human breathing system.
c)
1 lfs
y is lors nn
wy sige
a ane\
y lss ssc nn
i} yeas |\|
f ae \
f neeeeee |
i t)
ly (
4 y
4 "
4 3
which labels show structures that produce changes in volume and pressure during ventilation of
the lungs?
a iand3 b 1only c 2and3 d 2and4

22 the graph shows the lactic acid concentration in the blood during exercise and during recovery
after exercise.
1.0
z
blood lactic acid
concentration 0.5
/mgdm*
ea exercise ——»|«——_ recovery ——»
“0 5 10 15 20 25 30
time / minutes
which process accounts for the shape of the graph at z?
a aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the kidney
b aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver
c_ anaerobic respiration of lactic acid in the kidney
d_ anaerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver

23 which process takes place as the filtrate from a glomerulus passes along a nephron?
a production of amino acids
b_ excretion of oxygen
c production of urea
d reabsorption of glucose

24 aperson moves from bright light into a dark room.
what changes occur in their eyes?
[pint [rates [cer mas
a constricts contract relax
b constricts relax contract
c dilates contract relax
d dilates relax contract

25 a person who had not eaten for a few hours was given an injection of adrenaline.
the person’s blood glucose concentration was measured for 3.5 hours.
the graph shows the results.
time of
adrenaline
injection
blood glucose
concentration
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
time/hours
what is the correct explanation for the change in blood glucose concentration immediately after
the injection of adrenaline?
a_ adrenaline causes less glucose to be converted to glucagon.
b_ adrenaline causes less glucagon to be converted to glucose.
c_ adrenaline causes more glucose to be converted to glycogen.
d_ adrenaline causes more glycogen to be converted to glucose.

26 which statement about insulin is correct?

a insulin is produced by the liver when the blood glucose concentration is high. its target cells
are in the pancreas.

b insulin is produced by the liver when the blood glucose concentration is low. its target cells
are in the pancreas.

c insulin is produced by the pancreas when the blood glucose concentration is high. its target
cells are in the liver.

d insulin is produced by the pancreas when the blood glucose concentration is low. its target
cells are in the liver.

27 what is a function of the placenta?
a acts as a barrier to prevent some toxins reaching the fetus
b_ exchanges blood between the mother and the fetus
c prevents the transfer of excretory products from the fetus
d protects the fetus from mechanical damage

28 which diagram shows the correct inheritance of sex chromosomes?
a b
parent 1 parent 1
parent 2 parent 2
cc d
parent 1 parent 1
parent 2 parent 2

29 which of the statements about the production of a protein are correct?
1 the sequence of bases in the gene determines the amino acid sequence used to
make a protein.
2 the mrna molecules are made in the nucleus and they remain there.
3 the ribosomes assemble amino acids together to make a protein.
a 1tand2only b tand3only c 2and3only d 2only

30 in mice, the allele for brown fur is dominant to the allele for white fur.

the diagram shows the inheritance of fur colour in a family of mice.

key
1 2 3 4
[| male with brown fur
[| male with white fur
5 6 7 8 9 oo female with brown fur
@) female with white fur
10 11 12
which two individuals are heterozygous for fur colour?
a 1and4 b 2and8 c 6and7 d 7and10

31 desert plants have evolved to survive in places where very little water is available.
which process is reduced to enable them to retain as much water as possible?
a transpiration
b translocation
c respiration
d_ digestion

32 these events may happen when an antibiotic is used to treat a bacterial infection.

1 the antibiotic kills most of the bacteria.
2 the antibiotic-resistant bacteria reproduce.
3. the antibiotic-resistant bacteria survive.
4 some bacteria mutate and are resistant to the antibiotic.

which sequence may produce a strain of antibiotic-resistant bacteria?

a 1352>53>4

b 2353>1->4

c 335135452

d 43513532

33 the graphs show the beak length of offspring of a wild bird population in 2000 and in 2020. the
graphs are drawn to the same scale.
number of number of
offspring birds offspring birds
in 2000 in 2020
beak length beak length
which change has taken place in the overall beak length of the bird population, and what type
of selection has brought this about?
change in the beak
length of the bird | type of selection
population
a decrease artificial
b decrease natural
cc increase artificial
d increase natural

34 what is the principal source of energy input into an ecosystem?
a decomposers
b herbivores
c producers
d_ the sun

35 the diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.
nitrogen in the air
lightning
ys @ 4 plant
——_ | ay} —__f a \— a ili ign lida id) lal
nath btn itl en hilal nkr nanda ammonium
bhs we alt ions in soil
death death
ai
by roots
which numbers represent decomposing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria?
decomposing nitrifying
bacteria bacteria
a 1 3
b 1 4
cc 2 3
d 2 4

36 what is a description of biodiversity?
a the number of different animal species that live in an area
b_ the number of different plant species that live in an area
c_ the number of different species that live in an area
d_ the number of individuals of a particular species that live in an area

37 allist of different stages that occur in the process of eutrophication is given.
1 reduction in dissolved oxygen
2 __ increase in nitrate ions
3. death of organisms requiring dissolved oxygen
4 growth of producers
5 increased aerobic respiration by decomposers
6 death of producers followed by their decomposition
what is the correct order in which these processes occur during eutrophication?
a 133>55>352>6>4
b 234>1>6>55>3
c 2345655 >1->3
d 5313356324

38 lignin is used to make a sustainable resource known as bioplastic.
why is bioplastic a sustainable resource?
a lignin can be produced as rapidly as it is removed from the environment.
b lignin is found in xylem tissue.
c lignin is strong.
d lignin is waterproof.

39 which bacterial cell structure is useful in genetic modification?
a cell membrane
b cell wall
c_ cytoplasm
d plasmid

40 acrop plant has been genetically modified to make it resistant to herbicides.
what is a possible disadvantage of introducing this new crop plant?
a_ the loss of weeds reduces competition.
b some of the weeds might become resistant to the herbicide.
c_ the crop plant is unharmed and produces a higher yield.
d_ the new gene will appear in new generations of the crop plant.

Solve 0610_s24_qp_23