biology

29 which statement is the definition of the term drug?
a asubstance produced in the body to stimulate hormonal reactions
b_ asubstance produced by white blood cells to kill bacteria
c  asubstance taken into the body that modifies or affects chemical reactions
da substance produced in the body which alters the activity of one or more specific target
organs

40 which stage in the treatment of sewage removes large floating objects, such as plastic bags?
a aeration
b_ discharge
c screening
d_ sedimentation

21 some features that help to defend the body against pathogens are listed.

1 mucus
2 — skin
3. stomach acid
4 phagocytosis

which features can prevent pathogens entering body tissues?

a 1,2,3and4

b 1, 2 and 3 only

c 2and3 only

d 4only

24 which disease can be caused by tobacco smoking?
a cholera
b copd
cc hiv
dsscurvy

17. what is a pathogen?
a abacterium
b  adisease-causing organism
c_ adisease that is transmissible
d  awhite blood cell that engulfs bacteria

18 the body’s first line of defence can prevent some pathogens from entering the body.
which is a first line of defence?
a antibody production
b mucus
c_ phagocytosis
d_ vaccination

21 the body has several methods of avoiding infection by pathogens, including specialised cells,
mechanical barriers and chemical barriers.
which row has a correct example for each method?
a hairs in the nose stomach acid phagocytes
b hairs in the nose phagocytes stomach acid
cc phagocytes stomach acid hairs in the nose
d phagocytes hairs in the nose stomach acid

21 the body has several defence mechanisms to protect against disease.
which defence mechanism is a chemical barrier?
a hairs in the nose
b mucus
c - skin
d_ white blood cells

29 which disease is caused by bacteria?
a aids
b_ cholera
c_ obesity
dsscurvy

17 what is a chemical barrier to pathogens?
a nose hairs
b © skin
c_ stomach acid
d_ white blood cells

18 what is an example of a transmissible disease?
a copd
b hiv
c_sscurvy
d_ tooth decay

26 which disease can be caused by smoking tobacco?
a cholera
b copd
cc hiv
d_scurvy

30 the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) can be transmitted in body fluid.
some examples of body fluids are listed.
1 blood
2 saliva
3 semen
4 tear fluid
which body fluids could transmit hiv?
a 1,2,3and4
b 1,2 and 3 only
c 1 and 3 only
d 3only

19 what is an indirect method of transmitting disease?
a body fluid
b_ blood
c_ food
d _ skin contact between people

39 the bloodworm is an organism that is found in heavily polluted water.
the diagram shows where raw sewage flows into a river.
where would there be fewest bloodworms?
input of raw
sewage
a j
as
yo b c p
direction

of flow

19 what is a disease-causing organism called?
a antibody
b_ host
c_ pathogen
d_ phagocyte

3 the diagram shows an insect.
re a j re
qd
ys ey,
4 aun
frey
hons
ee
what is the insect?
1 insece has no wings weccccvccwssmccescnesmovereenees go to 2
insecunes wings: cnctenerrcerninrdierorioe goto 8
2 legs longer than, or as long as the body ........... a
legs shorter than the body ...........::c:ceeee b
& abdomen long and (hin smccimecsnsenonemecen
abdomen shorter and wider ..............:0eeee d

20 what are disease-causing organisms?
a antibodies
b_ pathogens
c phagocytes
d_ vaccines

20 which statement describes a transmissible disease?
a adisease caused when a pathogen passes from one host to another
b  adisease caused when a pathogen passes through a host’s body
c adisease caused when a pathogen passes to the host’s body only by direct contact
d  adisease caused when a pathogen passes to the host’s body only by indirect contact

18 the body has different types of defences against pathogens.
1 antibodies
2 hairs in the nose
3 mucus
4 © skin
which defences help to prevent pathogens reaching the alveoli when breathing in?
a 1,2, and 3 b 2,3,and4 c 2and3 only d = 2only

26 antibiotics are used to treat some diseases.
which diseases could they be effective against?
icon ysa |

a v v v
b v x jv
cc v x x
d x v x

19 the body produces mucus as a defence against diseases.
what type of defence is stomach acid?
eile chemical mechanical
barrier barrier
a v v v
b j x x
cc x v x
d x x v

21 which are both chemical barriers to the transmission of pathogens?
a mucus and stomach acid
b mucus and white blood cells
c _ skin and hairs in the nose
d skin and stomach acid

18 a pathogen is defined as
a acontaminated surface or food.
b_ adisease-causing organism.
ca transmissible disease.
davirus.

29 which diseases can be successfully treated with antibiotics?

diseases diseases

caused by rickets caused by

bacteria viruses
a v jv j key
b v x x v= can be treated
cc x v x x = cannot be treated
d x x v

21 campylobacter is a bacterium that can cause food poisoning.
which word describes campylobacter?
a antibody
b_ disease
c_ pathogen
d symptom

21 which disease is transmissible?
a cholera
b_ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
c lung cancer
dsscurvy

21 what is defined as a disease-causing organism?
a bacterium
b_ pathogen
c phagocyte
d virus

21 lyme disease is a disease which can be transmitted to humans in the following way:
a mouse carries the bacteria
borrelia burgdorferi in its blood
+
a tick bites the mouse and the
bacteria are transferred into the tick
l
the tick bites a human and
bacteria are transferred to the human
l
the human becomes infected with lyme disease
what is the pathogen in this process?
a tick
b_ borrelia burgdorferi
c mouse
d_ blood

18 the body has several defence mechanisms to protect the body against disease.
which is a chemical barrier?
a hair in the nose
b mucus
c . skin
d_ white blood cells

30 which disease is an example of an sti?
a cholera
b copd
cc hiv
d lung cancer

15 the body has defences to protect itself from diseases.
what is a mechanical barrier to diseases?
a hairs in the nose
b- plasma
c stomach acid
d_ white blood cells

21 which defence prevents pathogens from entering the body?
a antibody production
b= mucus
c_ phagocytosis
d_ vaccination

40 sewage treatment involves a number of stages. three of the stages are listed.
1__ filter beds with anaerobic microbes to digest sewage
2 screens to trap large objects
3 settlement tanks to let insoluble particles sink
what is the correct order for treating sewage?
a 15253 b 2>3->1 c 352-51 d 3>51>2

18 campylobacter is a bacterium that can cause food poisoning.
which word describes campylobacter?
a_ antibody
b_ disease
c_ pathogen
d symptom

29 a disease cannot be treated with antibiotics.
what could be the reasons for this?
1 itis not a bacterial disease.
2 the pathogen is a virus.
3 the patient has become resistant to the antibiotic.
a jiand2only b t1and3only c 2and3only d 1,2and3

20 the diagram shows one way the body defends itself against pathogens.
bacteria
g-c
--@-€
\
white blood cell
what is the name of this defence mechanism?
a antibody production
b_ egestion
c phagocytosis
d_ vaccination

21 what can be passed from one person to another during blood transfusion?
a cholera
b_ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)
cc hiv
d_scurvy

18 some features that help to defend the body against pathogens are listed.

1 mucus
2 — skin
3. stomach acid
4 phagocytosis

which features can prevent pathogens entering body tissues?

a 1,2,3and4

b= 1, 2 and 3 only

c 2and3 only

d 4only

19 which body defence is a chemical barrier?
a antibody production
b hairs in the nose
c mucus lining the airways
d © skin

40 the bloodworm is an organism that is found in heavily polluted water.
the diagram shows where raw sewage flows into a river.
where would there be fewest bloodworms?
input of raw
sewage
oa }
——s
ze b c p
direction

of flow

21 which is a mechanical barrier to pathogens?
a acid in the stomach
b hairs in the nose
c mucus in the trachea
d_ phagocytosis in the blood

21 which is an example of a transmissible disease?
a coronary heart disease due to eating high fat food
b_ cholera after drinking contaminated water
c liver damage due to drinking alcohol
d lung cancer due to inhaling tobacco smoke

21 some features that help to defend the body against pathogens are listed.

1 mucus
2 — skin
3. stomach acid
4 phagocytosis

which features can prevent pathogens entering body tissues?

a 1,2,3and4

b 1,2 and 3 only

c 2and3 only

d 4only

39 which activity is the least likely source of pollution?
direction of y
water flow a+ d_ field sprayed with
es fertiliser just before
nm heavy rainfall
by
c_ farmer spraying fields ty ye
with insecticide vi ae
ae a farmer spraying fields
as (( with herbicide
ss
\
),
za
b_ sewage treatment works f
))
a=
se~ y/
y
zl direction of
flow of stream

40 the bloodworm is an organism that is found in heavily polluted water.
the diagram shows where raw sewage flows into a river.
where would there be fewest bloodworms?
input of raw
sewage
am }
—_
yo b c b
direction

of flow

18 some organisms cause transmissible diseases.
what is defined as a disease-causing organism?
a bacterium
b_ pathogen
c phagocyte
d virus

21 which disease is caused by a pathogen?
a cholera
b_ coronary heart disease
c lung cancer
dsscurvy

19 which statement describes a transmissible disease?
a adisease caused when a pathogen passes from one host to another
b  adisease caused when a pathogen passes through a host’s body
c adisease caused when a pathogen passes to the host’s body only by direct contact
d  adisease caused when a pathogen passes to the host’s body only by indirect contact

40 the bloodworm is an organism that is found in heavily polluted water.
the diagram shows where raw sewage flows into a river.
where would there be fewest bloodworms?
input of raw
sewage
foam )
ss
ee b c d
direction

of flow

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