chemistry

1 nitrogen is heated in a balloon, which expands slightly.
which statements about the molecules of nitrogen are correct?
1 they move further apart.
2 they move more quickly.
3 they remain the same distance apart.
4 their speed remains unchanged.
a iand2 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 3and4

2 the diagrams represent some elements, compounds and mixtures.
4 2 3 4
a % a @ % e*7% »e@e°®
ee ars eo e
°° oe 2 w e° 2 e@ @
which row describes the numbered substances?
a
a element mixture of compounds compound mixture of elements
b compound mixture of compounds element mixture of elements
cc element mixture of elements compound mixture of compounds
d compound mixture of elements element mixture of compounds

3 two atoms, x and y, have the same mass number but different atomic numbers.
which statement about x and y is correct?
a they have the same number of protons.
b_ they have the same number of electrons.
c_ they are in the same group of the periodic table.
d_ they have different numbers of neutrons.

4 asample of pure iron contains three isotopes only.
percentage
abundance isotope
of isotope/%
2 "fe
6 fe
92 fe
the iron in the sample has a relative atomic mass of 55.9.
what is the value of n?
a 53 b 55 cc 57 d 58

5 magnesium oxide is a white solid at room temperature and pressure.
part of the structure of solid magnesium oxide is shown.
key
@ =mg* magnesium ion
o = o* oxide ion
three statements are listed.
1 magnesium ions are smaller than oxide ions because they contain fewer electrons.
2 magnesium oxide has good electrical conductivity when molten because the ions
are mobile.
3 magnesium oxide has a high melting point because of the strong electrostatic
attraction between the ions and delocalised electrons in the giant lattice.
which statements are correct?
a iand2 b 1and3 c 2and3 d = 2only

6 in which molecule are all the outer-shell electrons involved in covalent bonding?
a cl, bch, c hcl d nh;

7 which row describes the properties of silicon(iv) oxide?
[ear [er
structure
a no high
b no low
cc yes high
d yes low

8 which row describes the structure of a solid metal and explains the property?
| | structure of solid metal property of solid metal

a lattice of negative ions conducts electricity because
in a sea of electrons the electrons are free to move

b lattice of negative ions is malleable because the layers
in a sea of electrons of ions can slide over each other

cc lattice of positive ions conducts electricity because
in a sea of electrons the ions are free to move

d lattice of positive ions is malleable because the layers
in a sea of electrons of ions can slide over each other

9 what is the formula of potassium oxide?
a p20 b po, cc ko d kkk,o

10 adilute aqueous solution of sodium bromide is electrolysed using inert electrodes.
which row identifies the product at the cathode and at the anode?
[sates [anode

a bromine hydrogen
b hydrogen bromine
cc hydrogen oxygen

d oxygen hydrogen

11 aluminium is extracted by electrolysis, as shown.
| | graphite anode
steel case -

2 3) © o at r
aluminium oxide
dissolved in

| molten cryolite
f ts
graphite cathode
— ss
molten aluminium
which row shows the ionic half-equations at the cathode and the anode?

p| eattode [aed |
a al* — al + 3e 207 > o2 + 4e
b al* — al + 3e 207 + 4e° > o;
c al* + 3e° > al 207 > o2 + 4e
d al* + 3e° > al 207, + 4e° > op

12 the reaction pathway diagram for an exothermic reaction is shown.
energy
2
yy \ 4
progress of reaction

which row identifies labels 1, 2, 3 and 4?

ee ee ee
a reactants ah es products
b products ah e, reactants
cc reactants ex ah products
d products es ah reactants

13 the equation for the complete combustion of ethene is shown.
c2ha(g) + 302(g) > 2c02(g) + 2h20(g)
some bond energies are listed.
= a
in kj/mol
c-h 412
cc-c 348
c=c 612
cc-o 360
c=o 743
0-0 146
o=o 496
o-h 463
what is the overall energy change when one mole of ethene is completely burned?
a -456 b -1076 cc -1340 d -2126

14 magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen.
why does magnesium powder react faster than magnesium ribbon?
a the magnesium atoms in the powder have a lower activation energy.
b_ the powder has a smaller surface area.
c the magnesium atoms in the powder have more frequent collisions with acid particles.
d the magnesium atoms in the powder have greater kinetic energy.

15 which row shows the conditions used in the contact process?
[ee [rae
a iron 2 100
b iron 200 450
cc vanadium(v) oxide 2 450
d vanadium(v) oxide 200 100

16 astudent heats hydrated copper(ii) sulfate. the blue crystals change to a white powder.
how can the student reverse this reaction?
a_ add anhydrous copper(ii) sulfate to the white powder.
b_ add water to the white powder.
c cool the white powder.
d_ reheat the white powder.

17 which reaction of hydrochloric acid is a redox reaction?
a mgco3 + 2hcl + mgclz + h20 + co2
b  mg(oh)2 + 2hcll — mgclz + 2h20
c mgo + 2hcl > mgclz + h2o0
d mg + 2hci + mgcl2 + he

18 which oxide is amphoteric?
a al,03 b cao c na,o d so,

19 four statements about strong acids are listed.
1 they react with carbonates to form carbon dioxide.
2 they completely dissociate in aqueous solution.
3 they react with ammonium salts to form ammonia.
4 they are proton acceptors.
which statements are correct?
a iand2 b 1and3 c 2and4 d 3and4

20 which reaction mixture will produce a precipitate?
a aqueous na2co; and aqueous cuso,
b_ dilute h2so, and aqueous naoh
c_ dilute hno3 and solid mgo
d solid cuo and dilute h2so,

21 which set of elements shows the change from metallic to non-metallic character across a period
of the periodic table?
a __ beryllium — magnesium > calcium
b fluorine + bromine —> iodine
c oxygen > boron = lithium
d_ sodium = silicon > chlorine

22 asample of ethanoic acid and a sample of hydrochloric acid have the same concentration.
how do the hydrogen ion concentration and ph of ethanoic acid compare to those of
hydrochloric acid?

ethanoic acid compared

to hydrochloric acid

hydrogen ion ph

concentration

a higher higher
b higher lower
cc lower higher
d lower lower

23 what is a typical property of transition elements?
a canactas catalysts
b poor electrical conductivity
clow melting point
d_ low density

24 which statement about copper or aluminium is correct?
a_ aluminium is more dense than copper.
b_ aluminium is less reactive than copper.
c copper has high ductility.
d copper has poor electrical conductivity.

25 water from a reservoir flows to the water works where purification process 1 takes place followed
by process 2.
what are processes 1 and 2?
[process [proves 2 |
a chlorination filtration
b filtration chlorination
cc fractional distillation filtration
d filtration fractional distillation

26 calcium reacts with cold water to produce hydrogen.
lead reacts slowly when heated in air to form an oxide but has almost no reaction with steam.
silver does not react with either air or water.
zinc reacts when heated with steam to produce hydrogen.
what is the order of reactivity starting with the least reactive?
[[lesstcacive —+_mostreasve
a calcium lead zinc silver
b calcium zinc lead silver
cc silver lead zinc calcium
d silver zinc lead calcium

27 blocks of magnesium are attached to the bottom of a steel boat to prevent rusting.
which equation describes a change that prevents the steel from rusting?
a fe > fe* + 3e
b fe.03 + 3mg > 2fe + 3mgo
c 3mg” + 2fe > 2fe* + 3mg
d mg —> mg** + 2e7

28 which statements about the extraction of iron in a blast furnace are correct?
1 the temperature inside the blast furnace is increased by burning carbon.
2 iron(iii) oxide is reduced to iron by carbon monoxide.
3 the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate forms slag.
4 slag reacts with acidic impurities.
a iand2 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 3and4

29 which statements about water are correct?
1 tap water has fewer impurities than distilled water.
2 tap water will turn anhydrous cobalt(ii) chloride pink.
3 the domestic water supply is treated with carbon to kill microbes.
4 phosphates from fertilisers can cause deoxygenation of water.
a iand2 b 1and3 c 2and4 d 3and4

30 oxides of nitrogen form in car engines and are removed by catalytic converters.
which equation represents a reaction that occurs in a catalytic converter?
a co + no, > no + co,
b 2co + 2no + nz + 2co,
c co, + no + noz + co
d co, + 2noz2 > no + 302 + c

31 an alkene is represented by the formula ch3;ch=cho.
which name is given to this type of formula?
a displayed
b_ empirical
c_ general
d © structural

32 what is the structure of propanoic acid?
a b
h h (3) h h h fe)
|| | | |
a nb
| | \ | | | \
h h oh h h h oh
cc d
iil lit |
stp ee
h h h h h h h

33 butane reacts with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.
what is the equation for this reaction?
a ca4hig + cl2 + cahgcl2 + he
b  c4hio + clz + cy4hgcl + hcl
c cyhio + cle > 2czhscl + he
d cyhig + clp + cohy + cohscl + hcl

34 a hydrocarbon p is cracked to make compound q and hydrogen.

compound r is formed by the addition polymerisation of compound q.
to which homologous series do p, q and r belong?
[arene [atane |

a p only qandr

b q only pandr

cc p andq r only

d pandr q only

35 which substances are structural isomers?
a _but-2-ene and propene
bethyl ethanoate and butanoic acid
c_ methyl methanoate and ethanol
d_propan-1-ol and butan-1-ol

36 ethanol is produced by:

1 the catalytic addition of steam to ethene
2 fermentation.

which statement is correct?

a_ both processes use similar amounts of energy.

b_ both processes use a catalyst.

c_ process 1 uses a temperature of 25-35 °c.

d_ process 2 uses a pressure of 60 atm.

37 the two monomers shown can be used to form a condensation polymer.
o h h h h o h h h h h h h h
\ tl tol og \ | t tt lt tos
c—c-—_¢—c—c—_c n-—c—c—c—-g—c—-g—_n
/ | | | [on / | | ft | df tn
h—o h h h h oh h h h h h h h h
which small molecule is released during this reaction?
a #h.20 b  nhs c cq, d conh2

38 dilute hydrochloric acid is titrated into a conical flask containing sodium hydroxide solution and a
few drops of methyl orange indicator.
which piece of apparatus is used to add the hydrochloric acid?
a beaker
b_burette
c measuring cylinder
d pipette

39 the chromatogram obtained from a chromatography experiment on substance s is shown.
4.5cm
solvent front
4.7cm |
es
6.0cm
baseline
‘emf
what is the r; value of s?
a 0.39 b 0.46 c 0.56 d 0.62

40 element x burns in air to form an acidic gas that decolourises potassium manganate(vii).
what is x?
a carbon
b nitrogen
c magnesium
d © sulfur

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