chemistry

1. which statement about solids, liquids or gases is correct?
a_ solids are easy to compress.
b liquids are easy to compress.
c liquids expand to fill their container.
d_ gases expand to fill their container.

2 which substance is a mixture?
a. air
bs graphite
c oxygen
d_ water

3. the structure of an atom of element x is shown.

key
e = electron
n = neutron
p = proton

what is element x?

a boron

b~ carbon

c_ sodium

d © sulfur

4 sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride.
which statements describe what happens to the sodium atoms in this reaction?
1 sodium atoms form positive ions.
2 sodium atoms form negative ions.
3 sodium atoms gain electrons.
4 sodium atoms lose electrons.
a iand3 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 2and4

5 which statement about ammonia is correct?
a it conducts electricity when liquid.
b_ it contains three covalent bonds.
c_ithas a high boiling point.
d_ it has a giant covalent structure.

6 which row describes the structure and a use of graphite?
p [sweets
a giant covalent lubricant
b giant covalent cutting tools
cc simple molecular lubricant
d simple molecular cutting tools

7 the equation represents the reaction between solid magnesium oxide and dilute
hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and water.
mgo + 2hcl > mgcl, + h,o

which row shows the state symbols for hydrochloric acid, magnesium chloride and water?
ner] mace | ho |

a (aq) (aq) (i)

b (aq) (i) (!)

cc (!) (aq) (aq)

d () (!) (aq)

8 what is the equation for the reaction between calcium and chlorine?
a 2ca + cl > cacl
b 2ca + cl, ~ cacl,
c ca + cl - cacl
d ca + cl, + cacl,

9 calcium nitrate has the formula ca(no3)2.
what is the relative formula mass, m,, of calcium nitrate?
a 102 b 150 c 164 d 204

10 dilute sulfuric acid is electrolysed using platinum electrodes. the gases produced at each
electrode are collected.
the gases are mixed together and ignited with a lighted splint.
what is formed during this reaction?
a hydrogen sulfide
b _ sulfur dioxide
c - sulfuric acid
d_ water

11 electricity is passed through molten sodium chloride using inert electrodes.
what is observed at the electrodes?
a_ a colourless gas is produced at the negative electrode.
b_ apale yellow-green gas is produced at the positive electrode.
c_ assilver-coloured metal is produced at the positive electrode.
d  nochange is observed because the electrodes are inert.

12 fuel cells are used as energy sources in cars.
which row gives a fuel used in a fuel cell and the products formed?
| teetnetietoot | prods tomes |
a hydrogen carbon dioxide and water
b hydrogen water only
cc petrol carbon dioxide and water
d petrol water only

13 when water is added to anhydrous iron(ii) chloride, fecl3, hydrated iron(iii) chloride,
fec13*6h20, is formed and energy is given out.
fecl3 + 6h,o0 = fecl3*6h20
which reaction pathway diagram represents the formation of anhydrous iron(iii) chloride in the
reverse reaction?
a b
fecl,*6h,o fecl, + 6h,o
energy energy
fecl, + 6h,o fecl,*6h,o
progress of reaction progress of reaction
cc d
fecl, + 6h,o fec1,°6h,o
energy energy
fec1,°6h,o fecl, + 6h,o
progress of reaction progress of reaction

14 which process is a chemical change?
a __ burning carbon in air
b_ dissolving copper(ii) sulfate crystals in water
c_ evaporating ethanol
d_ freezing water

15 anhydrous cobalt(ii) chloride is blue and turns pink when water is added.
how is this reaction reversed?
a adding dilute acid
b filtering
cheating
d_ cooling

16 ethanol can be turned into ethanoic acid by passing it over hot copper(ii) oxide.
ch3ch20h + 2cuo — ch3cooh + h20 + 2cu
what is this type of reaction?
a precipitation
b_ redox
c_ thermal decomposition
d neutralisation

17 when heated strongly, silicon(iv) oxide reacts with carbon.
sioz + 2c > si + 2co
which term describes what happens to silicon(iv) oxide?
a_ thermal decomposition
b_ neutralisation
c_ oxidation
d_ reduction

18 information about four solutions, p, q, r and §, is listed.
solution p reacts with ammonium chloride to form ammonia.
solution q reacts with sodium carbonate to form carbon dioxide.
solution r contains a high concentration of oh’ ions.
solution s turns litmus red.
which solutions are alkaline?
a pandq b pandr c qands d rands

19 which oxides are basic?
1 calcium oxide
2 sodium oxide
3 iron(ii) oxide
a 1,2and3 b 1tand2only c 2and3only d = 3only

20 which row describes the changes across a period of the periodic table, from left to right?
number of ,
metallic character
outer-shell electrons
a decreases decreases
b decreases increases
cc increases increases
d increases decreases

21 which row shows properties of an element that is in the same group of the periodic table as
lithium?
electrical density
conductivity in g/cm?
a high 0.97
b high 8.93
cc low 0.07
d low 3.12

23 the elements in group vii include chlorine, bromine and iodine.
which statements are correct?
1 lodine is more dense than chlorine.
2 lodine displaces chlorine from a solution containing chloride ions.
3 bromine is a diatomic non-metal.
4 chlorine gas is darker in colour than bromine vapour.
a iand2 b 1and3 c 2and4 d 3and4

24 cobalt is a transition element.
what is a property of cobalt?
a it.can form coloured compounds.
b_ it is a poor electrical conductor.
c_ithas a low density.
d_ it has a low melting point.

25 which statements about brass are correct?
1 itis an alloy of zinc and copper.
2 itis a compound of zinc and copper.
3. it is a mixture of zinc and copper.
a iand3 b= 1only c 2and3 d 3only

26 aluminium is used to make containers for storing food.
which property makes it suitable for this use?
a_ conducts heat
blow density
c_ resists corrosion
d _ shiny surface

27 which pair of diagrams represents both a pure metal and an alloy?
a b
kx x xx dxxxm kx x xy
pooed ecceembeces
kxx xy os oo
peee4 ~<@aaga heee4
pure metal alloy pure metal alloy
cc d
oo] rx kxxx kkm
po] bg bee
ik xj y yy ¥ yy k x }
oaara oooo oaare
oo | by dooocm arse:
pure metal alloy pure metal alloy

28 a metal m is between sodium and magnesium in the reactivity series.

which reactions occur with m and its oxide?

m can be extracted

m reacts with steam by heating its oxide

with carbon

a no no
b no yes
cc yes no
d yes yes

29 the diagrams show experiments to investigate rusting of iron nails.
1 2 2
' of oil
tap salt boiled
water water water
in which test-tubes do the nails rust?
a 1,2and3 b 1and2only c t1and3only' d = 1only

30 some uses of water are listed.
1 for drinking
2 in chemical reactions
3. in swimming pools
4 in washing
for which uses is it necessary to chlorinate the water?
a iand2 b 1and3 c 2and4 d 3and4

31 two tests are done on an npk fertiliser.
test 1 flame test
test 2 heat with aqueous sodium hydroxide and aluminium foil
which observations are made?
[et et
a green flame gas evolved which turns red litmus blue
b green flame gas evolved which turns blue litmus red
cc lilac flame gas evolved which turns red litmus blue
d lilac flame gas evolved which turns blue litmus red

32 the gases from the engine of a car contain oxides of nitrogen.
how are these oxides formed?
a_ nitrogen reacts with carbon dioxide.
b_ nitrogen reacts with carbon monoxide.
c_ nitrogen reacts with oxygen.
d_ nitrogen reacts with petrol.

33 which statements explain why plastics should be recycled?
1 they do not decompose when added to land fill.
2 they pollute rivers and oceans, harming wildlife.
3 they can produce toxic gases when burned.
a 1,2and3 b tand2only c 1and3only d 2and3 only

34 unwanted vegetation is sometimes placed in a bin where it decomposes. the compost formed is
used to fertilise soils.
which gas is likely to be present in a higher percentage inside the bin than in the air outside the
bin?
a_ carbon monoxide
b- methane
c oxygen
d - sulfur dioxide

35 ethene reacts with steam and with bromine in two separate reactions.
what are the products of these two reactions?
a ethanoic acid and bromoethane
b_ ethanoic acid and dibromoethane
c_ ethanol and bromoethane
d_ ethanol and dibromoethane

36 four types of reactions are listed.
1 substitution
2 combustion
3. polymerisation
4 addition
which reactions will ethane undergo?
a iand2 b 1and3 c 2and4 d 3and4

37 the flow diagram shows how poly(ethene) may be made from petroleum.
1 2 3
what are stages 1, 2 and 3?
i
a cracking polymerisation fractional distillation
b cracking fractional distillation polymerisation
cc fractional distillation cracking polymerisation
d fractional distillation polymerisation cracking

38 magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas.
which pieces of apparatus are needed to determine the rate of this reaction?
1 2 3 4
la
a iand2 b 1and3 c 2and4 d 3and4

39 the chromatograms of four different dyes are shown.
pencil line fe
1 2 3 4
how many different colours are present in the four dyes?
a 4 b 5 cc 6 d 13

40 the results of some tests on an aqueous solution of substance x are listed.
1 acream precipitate is produced when adding aqueous silver nitrate.
2 adding aqueous sodium hydroxide produces a green precipitate which dissolves in
excess alkali.
3 adding aqueous ammonia produces a green precipitate which is insoluble in excess
ammonia.
what is substance x?
a chromium(iii) bromide
b chromium(iii) chloride
c iron(ii) bromide
d _ iron(ii) chloride

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