chemistry

1 a gas is placed in a sealed container. the gas has a pressure of one atmosphere and a
temperature of 50°c.
it is heated to 100°c.
which row describes the cause of the pressure of the gas and the effect of increasing the
temperature of the gas?
saureahans gieseuie the effect of increased
ga>p temperature of the gas
a collisions between collisions become
gas particles less frequent
b collisions between the average speed of
gas particles the gas particles increases
cc collisions between gas collisions become
particles and the container less frequent
d collisions between gas the average speed of
particles and the container the gas particles increases

2 four experiments, each containing a different acidic gas, are set up as shown.
the dividing glass plates are removed at the same time.
in which set of apparatus does the litmus turn red first?
a b
damp blue damp blue
litmus paper litmus paper
air air
glass plate glass plate
carbon dioxide, co, hydrogen chloride, hcl
cc d
damp blue damp blue
litmus paper litmus paper
air air
glass plate glass plate
nitrogen dioxide, no, sulfur dioxide, so,

3 the group | element potassium forms an ionic bond with the group vii element fluorine.
which two ions are produced?
ak’ andf* b  k* and f- c k andf d k andf*

4 xand y are atoms.

e xand y have the same number of electron shells.
e xand y have the same number of outer electrons.
e xand y have different mass numbers.

which statements about x and y are correct?
1 xand y are isotopes.
2  xand y have the same total number of electrons.
3  xand y have the same chemical properties.

a 1,2and3 b 1tand2only c 1and3only d = 2and3only

5 lithium chloride is an ionic compound and silicon(iv) oxide is a covalent compound.
which statement about both compounds is correct?
a they are not soluble in water.
b_ they conduct electricity when melted.
c_ they do not conduct electricity in solid form.
d_ they have low melting points.

6 which equations are balanced?
1 fe,03 + 3co + 2fe + 3coz
2 znco3 + 2hcl > znclz + coz + 2h20
3 mg(no3)2 + naoh — mg(oh)2 + 2nano3
4 caco3 + h2,so4 — caso, + h20 + coz
a 1and2 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 3and4

7 which row shows the formulae of sodium carbonate, zinc nitrate and ammonium sulfate?
[sodium caonse | —_arenivete | armenian suf |
a na,co; znno; (nh,z)2sox
b nazco; zn(nos)2 (nh4)2soa
cc naco3 znno3 (nh3)2soa
d nacos zn(nos)z (nh3)2504

8 which statements about hydrogen and oxygen are correct?
hydrogen and oxygen hydrogen and oxygen can
can react to produce be made by the electrolysis of

electrical energy dilute aqueous sodium chloride
a x x
b x v
cc v x
d v v

9 graphite has a giant covalent structure.
which statements about graphite are correct?
1 carbon atoms form four covalent bonds with neighbouring atoms.
2 there are delocalised electrons between layers of carbon atoms.
3. graphite is a useful lubricant.
4 graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
a 1and2 b 1,3 and4 c 2,3and4 d 3and 4 only

10 which reaction pathway diagram represents an endothermic reaction?
a b
products products
energy energy
ah = —24kj/mol ah = +24kj/mol
reactants reactants
progress of reaction progress of reaction
cc d
reactants reactants
ee ah = +24kj/mol lie ah = -24kj/mol
products products
progress of reaction progress of reaction

11. hydrogen burns in oxygen.

the equation for the reaction is shown.
2h2 + o2 > 2h20

the table shows the bond energies involved.

co [ar
in kj/mol

h-h 436
o=o 498
o-h 464

what is the energy given out during the reaction?

a -3226 kj/mol

b -884kj/mol

c -486kj/mol

d -442kj/mol

12 which process involves a chemical change?
a adding sodium to water
b _ boiling water
c_ dissolving sodium chloride in water
d producing water from aqueous sodium chloride

13 an experiment is carried out to find the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and zinc.
zn(s) + 2hcl(aq) > zncl2(aq) + ha(g)
the results of the experiment are shown.
y-axis |
0 :
0 time
what is the label on the y-axis?
a amount of zncl2 produced
b_ concentration of hcl
c_ mass of zn reacted
d_ volume of h2 produced

14 hydrogen peroxide, h2o2, decomposes to form water and oxygen.
2h202(aq) > 2h20(i) + o2(g)
manganese(iv) oxide catalyses the decomposition reaction.
the reaction is investigated in four experiments.
‘ volume and concentration ch
experiment 4 conditions
of hydrogen peroxide
1 12.5cm?* of 1.0mol/dm?® 25°c with manganese(iv) oxide powder added
2 12.5cm* of 2.0mol/dm?® 40°c with manganese(iv) oxide powder added
3 25cm? of 1.0 mol/dm? 40°c without manganese(iv) oxide powder
4 25cm? of 1.0 mol/dm? 40°c with manganese(iv) oxide powder added
all reactions go to completion and all measurements of gas volumes are at room temperature
and pressure.
which statement is correct?
a experiment 1 produces less gas than experiment 4, but at the same rate.
b experiment 2 produces more gas than experiment 1, but at the same rate.
c_ experiment 2 and experiment 4 each produce the same volume of gas, but at different rates.
d experiment 3 and experiment 4 each produce the same volume of gas and at the same rate.

15 sulfuric acid is produced by the contact process.
which row shows the typical conditions used in the process?
pf ct mat | e |
a iron 200 300
b iron 20000 450
cc vanadium(v) oxide 200 450
d vanadium(v) oxide 20000 300

16 which equation shows the reduction of copper?
a cuo + c + cu + co
b 2cus + 302 > 2cuo + 2so2
c cu(g) > cu(l)
d cu(l) + cu(s)

17. which statement about acids is correct?
a aweak acid partially dissociates in aqueous solution.
b_ anacid accepts protons when added to water.
c_ ethanoic acid acts as a strong acid when added to water.
d_ hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that ionises in water to form h’ ions.

18 copper(ii) sulfate is formed by reacting excess solid copper(ii) carbonate with dilute
sulfuric acid.
which processes are part of the preparation of solid copper(ii) sulfate?
1 crystallisation
2. distillation
3 filtration
4 _ titration
a iand3 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 2and4

19 which type of reaction is represented by the equation shown?
pb**(aq) + 2no3(aq) + 2na*(aq) + 2i-(aq) > pbi(s) + 2na*(aq) + 2no; (aq)
a addition
b_ redox
c neutralisation
d precipitation

20 which compound is likely to be coloured?
a kmno, b kno3; c k,co3 d k2so,

21 which statements about the metal zinc are correct?
1 it is extracted from the ore bauxite.
2 itis used to galvanise steel.
3. it is used to make the alloy brass.
4 it reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas.
a 1,2and4 b 1,3 and4 c 2,3and4 d 2and 3 only

22 the electronic configurations of four elements, p, q, r and s, are shown.
configuration

p. 2
q 2,2
r 2,6
is} 2,8

which elements are unreactive monatomic gases?

a pandq b pands c qandr d_ sonly

23 which row compares the strength of alloys with pure metals and explains the difference in
strength?
strength of an alloy ,
explanation
compared to a pure metal
a weaker larger atoms slide more
easily over smaller atoms
b weaker larger atoms make it harder for
layers to slide over one another
cc stronger larger atoms slide more
easily over smaller atoms
d stronger larger atoms make it harder for
layers to slide over one another

24 zinc oxide reacts with carbon to produce zinc.
which equation represents this reaction?
a 2zno0 + c + 2zn + co
b 2zno + 2c + 2zn + 2co2
c zno + c > zn + co
d zno + 2c +> zn + 2co,

25 when apiece of aluminium foil is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, no effervescence is seen.
which statement explains why no effervescence is seen?
a_ aluminium does not make a gas when it reacts with an acid.
b~ aluminium has a surface layer of aluminium oxide.
c_ aluminium is less reactive than hydrogen.
d_ aluminium only reacts with concentrated acid.

26 iron nails are stored in an airtight container.
lid
air
snes
i \ wy iron nails
the nails begin to rust after a few days.
how can the rusting of the nails be prevented?
a leave the lid off.
b_ replace the air with argon.
c_ put the container in a warm place.
d_ seal the container in a bag.

27 four substances present in the blast furnace during iron extraction are listed.
1 calcium carbonate
2 carbon dioxide
3. carbon monoxide
4 — iron(ii) oxide
which substances are both a reactant and a product during the reactions occurring in the blast
furnace?
a iand2 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 3and4

28 aluminium is extracted from purified bauxite by electrolysis.
which row shows the ionic half-equations for the reaction at each electrode?
[ered [atte
a al > al* + 3e 207, + 4e° > o,
b al* + 3e > al 207 + op + 4e7
c 207 + 4e° > o2 al > al* + 3e
d 207, > op + 4e7 al* + 36 > al

29 which test is used to show that a sample of water is pure?
a_ evaporate the water to see if any solids remain.
b_ heat the water to check its boiling point.
c_ test with anhydrous cobalt(ii) chloride.
d_ use universal indicator paper to check its ph.

30 catalytic converters in car exhausts change polluting gases into non-polluting gases.
which statements about oxides of nitrogen and car engines are correct?
1 the nitrogen in oxides of nitrogen comes from compounds in gasoline.
2 the oxygen in oxides of nitrogen comes from the air in the car engine.
3 catalytic converters convert oxides of nitrogen into nitrogen.
a 1and2 b 2and3 c 2only d = 3only

31 the structures of two molecules, x and y, are shown.
xx ¥
h h
iyi tty boeee
nee ee ee es ne
h h h h h h h h h h
which row describes x and y?
structural belong to same
isomers homologous series
a no no
b no yes
cc yes no
d yes yes

32 what is the structure of butanoic acid?
a b
h h h h h h h
rete_ton wd dtd tos
ity it
cc d
h h o h h h o
rete_ton nett lo
ha hag

33 when a mixture of methane and chlorine is exposed to ultraviolet light, a reaction takes place.
which statements about this reaction are correct?
1 it is an addition reaction.
2 the ultraviolet light provides the activation energy.
3 an equation for the reaction is ch, + cl, + chcl, + ho.
4 ch3clis made in the reaction.
a iand3 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 2and4

34 esters are formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol.
what is the catalyst for this reaction?
a aqueous potassium manganate(vii)
biron
c sulfuric acid
d_ vanadium(v) oxide

35 the diagram shows part of a polymer.
peiiti il
tt iri rtf.
h h h h h h hh
which diagram shows the monomer from which this polymer is made?
a b cc d
h h h h h h h
| | | \ j | |
h—c—h h—c—c—h c=c h—c—c—o—h
| | | y | |
h h h h h hh

36 nylon and pet are polymers.
which statements about these polymers are correct?
1 they are both condensation polymers.
2 hoch,ch2ch2oh could be a monomer for both polymers.
3 the complete combustion of both polymers gives two products only.
a iand2 b 1and3 c 1only d 2and3

37 ethane is used as a fuel.

which equation shows the complete combustion of ethane?

a 2c2he + 702 > 4co, + 6h20

b 2c2he + 502 > 4co + 6h20

c cohy + 302 > 2co2 + 2h20

d czh, + 202 — 2co + 2h20
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38 the painkiller paracetamol is synthesised from 4-aminophenol.
chromatography is done on an impure sample of paracetamol. the results are shown. the
diagram is not drawn to scale.
} pop [| | ~—solvent front
4.40 | i key
aa 3.50cm | s = impure sample of paracetamol
2.60cm al p = pure paracetamol
1.70cm ,

nh pn an a baseline

the sample of paracetamol is contaminated with 4-aminophenol only.

what is the r; value of 4-aminophenol?

a 0.49 b 0.65 c 0.74 d= 1.35

39 the equation for the reaction of aqueous calcium nitrate and aqueous sodium hydroxide is
shown.
ca(nos3)2(aq) + 2naoh(aq) — ca(oh)2(s) + 2nano3;(aq)
which process is used to remove calcium hydroxide from the mixture?
a_ chromatography
b_crystallisation
c distillation
d filtration

40 the results of two tests on aqueous compound x are given.
warm with aluminium foil and ammonia is produced
aqueous sodium hydroxide

what is x?

a __ iron(iii) nitrate

b _ iron(ii) nitrate

c _iron(iii) sulfate

d iron(ii) sulfate

Solve 0620_w23_qp_21