chemistry

1. which statement about a solid, a liquid or a gas is correct?
a_ asolid has a fixed shape and can be compressed.
b_ a liquid takes the shape of the container it is in and can be compressed.
c_ asolid has no fixed shape and cannot be compressed.
d_ agas takes the shape of the container it is in and can be compressed.

2 which diagram represents a mixture of compounds?
a b cc d
oe eh we pe] lees bl te a
. o90 p g . 8 & we & we
be ates * © « & wh a ©», *

3. four ions are listed.
n> al li* om
which pair of ions have the same electronic configuration?
a n* and li®
b al* and n*
c cl andal*
d li'andcr-

4 which statement about isotopes is correct?
a atoms with different numbers of electrons are isotopes of each other.
b_ atoms with the same mass numbers are isotopes of each other.
c_ isotopes of the same element have different numbers of neutrons.
d_ isotopes of the same element have different numbers of protons.

5 which statement about the ions formed by the elements in group vii of the periodic table is
correct?
a_ all the ions have the same charge of 1-.
b_ all the ions have the same number of electron shells.
c_ each ion is formed by losing one electron.
d_ each ion has seven electrons in its outer electron shell.

6 which row describes the properties of potassium bromide?
[see saar
in water point when solid
a no high good
b yes low good
cc no low poor
d yes high poor

7 which statement explains why graphite is used as a lubricant?
a_ each carbon atom in graphite forms three bonds.
b_ the bonding in graphite is covalent.
c_ the carbon atoms are arranged in hexagons.
d_ there are weak forces of attraction between the layers of carbon atoms.

8 what is the balanced equation for the reaction between magnesium and dilute sulfuric acid?
a mg + h,so, > mgso, + h,
b mg + 2h,so, — mg(so,), + 2h,
c 2mg + h,so, > mg,so, + h,
d 2mg + 3h,so, —> mg,(so,), + 3h,

9 the relative atomic mass, a,, of an element is the average mass of the isotopes of that
element compared to another particle.
which particle is used for this comparison?
a aproton
b  anatom of "c
c anatomof“°ca
d  anatom of 'h

10 the equations for two reactions are shown.
equation1 ©+co,>xco
equation2 2c,hg+ 70, 4co,+ yh,0
which row shows the value of x, the value of y and the equations that are for redox reactions?
[vate ti [vay [ros ractne
a 1 3 equation 1 only
b 2 3 equations 1 and 2
cc 2 6 equation 1 only
d 2 6 equations 1 and 2

11 concentrated aqueous sodium chloride is electrolysed using graphite electrodes.
what is the product formed at the cathode?
a chlorine
b_ hydrogen
c oxygen
d sodium

12 which row describes the changes that occur when metals burn in oxygen?
[| eerie [etal
a decreases oxidised
b decreases reduced
cc increases oxidised
d increases reduced

13. when calcium carbonate is heated strongly, carbon dioxide gas is produced.
which words describe the type of change that occurs?
a_ endothermic and chemical
b_ endothermic and physical
c_ exothermic and chemical
d_ exothermic and physical

14 which row about a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is correct?
| | energy transfer equation for the reaction

a chemical to electrical 2h, + o, > 2h,0

b chemical to electrical 2h,0 — 2h, + o,

cc electrical to chemical 2h, + o, > 2h,0

d electrical to chemical 2h,0 — 2h, + o,

15 which list contains only chemical changes?
a melting, evaporating, dissolving
b_ rusting, freezing, cracking
c neutralisation, polymerisation, combustion
d boiling, condensing, distillation

16 excess calcium carbonate is added to 50cm®* of dilute hydrochloric acid of different
concentrations in two separate experiments.
the volume of gas produced in experiment 1 and in experiment 2 is measured every 30 seconds.
the results are shown.
concentration of volume of gas volume of gas final volume
experiment | hydrochloric acid | after 30 seconds | after 60 seconds of gas
in mol/dm? in cm® in cm? in cm?
1 0.20 55 99 120
2 0.10 26 50 59
which diagram represents the data collected?
a b
150 150
100 1 100 1
volume of volume of
gas/cm* 2 gas/cm*
50 50
2
0 0
0 : 0 :
time/s time/s
cc d
150 150
100 1 100
volume of volume of
gas/cm* gas/cm? 1
50 2 50
2
0 0
0 , 0 :
time/s time/s

17 anexperiment is set up as shown.
the mass of the conical flask and its contents is measured at 30-second intervals.
50 cm* dilute hydrochloric acid
(nl 1g calcium carbonate
‘i 0 -
which statement about the reaction and changes to the reaction conditions is correct?
a_ adding 10cm? of water to the 50cm’ of acid increases the rate of the reaction.
b increasing the size of the pieces of calcium carbonate increases the rate of the reaction.
c_ increasing the temperature increases the rate of the reaction.
d_ the mass of the conical flask and its contents increases as carbon dioxide is formed.

18 which reaction is reversible?
a_ reaction of aqueous sodium hydroxide with dilute hydrochloric acid
b_ formation of anhydrous copper(ii) sulfate from hydrated copper(ii) sulfate
c_ oxidation of methane to form carbon dioxide and water
d_ combustion of sulfur to form sulfur dioxide

19 silver oxide reacts with magnesium to make silver and magnesium oxide.
ag,o + mg > 2ag + mgo
which substance is oxidised in this reaction?
a magnesium
b magnesium oxide
c .ssilver
d - silver oxide

20 compound x dissolves in water to form an aqueous solution.
methyl orange is added to aqueous compound x.
the methyl orange turns red.
what is compound x?
a sodium carbonate
b copper(ii) oxide
c_ potassium oxide
d _ sulfur dioxide

21 dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide in a neutralisation reaction.
which two ions are involved in this neutralisation reaction?
a na’andh* b h'andoh c na’andci od oh andcl

22 the table shows some properties of some of the elements in group | of the periodic table.
melting point/°c reaction with water
lithium 181 fizzes steadily
sodium 98 fizzes vigorously
potassium 64 fizzes very vigorously
rubidium is also an element in group | of the periodic table.
which row describes the properties of rubidium?
|| melting point/°c reaction with water
a 39 fizzes slowly
b 39 fizzes explosively
cc 81 fizzes very vigorously
d 81 fizzes explosively

23 copper(ii sulfate crystals are blue. they are made by adding an excess of copper(ii) oxide
to sulfuric acid.
the mixture is heated and stirred.
the mixture is then filtered and the filtrate is allowed to evaporate, leaving blue crystals.
why is filtration necessary?
a toremove soluble impurities
b_ to remove sulfuric acid
c_ to remove the blue crystals
d_ to remove unreacted copper(ii) oxide

24 which barium salts are soluble in water?
1 barium carbonate
2. barium chloride
3. barium nitrate
4 barium sulfate
a 1and2 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 3and4

25 which statement about the properties of elements in group | or in group vii is correct?
a_ bromine displaces iodine from an aqueous solution of potassium iodide.
b_ chlorine, bromine and iodine are diatomic gases at room temperature.
c lithium, sodium and potassium are soft non-metals.
d lithium, sodium and potassium have an increasing number of electrons in their outer
shells.

26 rubidium and strontium are both in period 5 of the periodic table.
rubidium is in group |. strontium is in group ii.
which statement about these elements is correct?
a each element has five electrons in its outer electron shell.
b_ the atomic number of rubidium is greater than the atomic number of strontium.
c rubidium forms the rb’ ion; strontium forms the sr" ion.
d_ electrolysis of molten rubidium chloride and of molten strontium chloride produces
hydrogen.

27 acompany needs a metal with a low density which resists corrosion and is a good electrical
conductor.
which metal should it use?
a aluminium
biron
c magnesium
d sodium

28 which statement about stainless steel is correct?
a_ allatoms in stainless steel are the same size.
b_ stainless steel is a mixture of copper and zinc.
c stainless steel is an iron compound.
d_ stainless steel is stronger than pure iron.

29 which statements explain why a water tap made of steel is electroplated with copper?
1 it improves the conductivity of the tap.
2 it improves the tap’s resistance to corrosion.
3 itincreases the density of the tap.
a 1and2 b 1and3 c 2only d 3only

30 the table shows the results of separately heating four metals with oxides of different metals.
the four metals are iron, copper, magnesium and y.
the results are shown.
metal | magnesium y copper iron
oxide oxide oxide oxide
iron x x a x key
copper x x x x v = reaction
magnesium x v v v x = no reaction
y x x v v
what is the order of reactivity of the metals, least reactive first?
| | least reactive es most reactive
a copper iron y magnesium
b copper y iron magnesium
cc magnesium iron y copper
d magnesium ¥ iron copper

31 which metal is most easily obtained from its ore?
a aluminium
b copper
cc calcium
d_iron

32 why is distilled water used in chemical experiments rather than tap water?
a distilled water contains fewer chemical impurities.
b __ distilled water has a better colour.
c distilled water has a higher boiling point.
d distilled water is a better solvent.

33 which type of compound is also the name of a homologous series?
a_ carbonate
b_ carboxylic acid
c halide
d hydroxide

34 the fractional distillation of petroleum is shown.
a refinery gas fraction
te — gasoline fraction
ot — paraffin fraction
peg e —+ diesel oil fraction
petroleurn oa lubricating oil fraction
ne bitumen fraction

which fraction is the least volatile?

a bitumen

b_ diesel oil

c gasoline

d_ refinery gas

35 which formula represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
a ch, b c,h, c cah d ch,

36 the structure of an organic compound is shown.
it?
ui
-—_s 4
| | | \
h hh oh
the compound is tested separately with thymolphthalein and with aqueous bromine.
which row describes the final colour observed for each test?
a blue colourless
b blue orange
cc colourless colourless
d colourless orange

37 which statement describes methane?
a itis an alcohol.
b_itis an unsaturated molecule.
c_ it contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms only.
d_ its molecules contain four single covalent bonds.

38 which row explains why plastics such as poly(ethene) cause pollution?
-—_|antntnes| sten”
gases when burned oceans
a no no
b no yes
cc yes no
d yes yes

39 two experiments are described.
experiment 1 a large mass of copper(ii) sulfate is stirred into a beaker of water. after
a few minutes, undissolved crystals are visible on the bottom of the
beaker.
experiment 2 sea water is distilled. distilled water and solid impure salt are separated
into two containers.
which statement is correct?
a_ inexperiment 1, the undissolved crystals are the filtrate.
b_ in experiment 1, the water is the solute.
c_ inexperiment 2, sea water boils at 100 °c.
d_ in experiment 2, the impure salt is a residue.

40 an aqueous sample of x is heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide and small pieces of
aluminium. a gas is produced which turns damp red litmus paper blue.
aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to a second aqueous sample of x. a pale green precipitate
is observed.
what is x?
a ammonium nitrate
b chromium(iii) chloride
c _irondi nitrate
d iron) sulfate

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