physics

1 the speed-time graph shows the motion of an object.
5 aa
speed
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
time/s

how far does the object travel at constant speed?
a 25m b 50m cc 75m d 125m

2 which statement about a falling object accelerating close to the earth’s surface is correct?
a_ the weight of the object is increasing and the force of air resistance on the object is
decreasing.
b_ the weight of the object and the force of air resistance on the object are of equal magnitude,
but act in opposite directions.
c_ the weight of the object is constant, but the force of air resistance on the object is increasing.
d_ the weight of the object is less than the force of air resistance.

3 an aircraft is moving at 60 m/s in a northerly direction when a cross-wind from the east starts to
blow. the speed of the wind is 13 m/s.
what is the magnitude of the aircraft's velocity when the wind is blowing?
a 47m/s b 59m/s c 61m/s d 73m/s

4 two rectangular blocks consist of different materials.

four different methods are suggested to compare the two masses.
1 compare the accelerations with which they fall freely.
2 compare the values of their lengths x breadths x heights.
3 hang each in turn from the same spring. compare the extensions.
4 place one in the right-hand pan of a beam balance and the other in the left-hand

pan.
which methods give a comparison of the two masses?
a 1,2and3 b jiand2only c 3and4only d 4only

5 an object in a space probe above the earth weighs 3.5n. the gravitational field strength at the
height of the space probe is 7.0 n/kg.
the gravitational field strength on the earth’s surface is 9.8 n/kg.
what are the mass and the weight of the object on the earth’s surface?
a 0.50 3.5
b 0.50 4.9
cc 2.0 3.5
d 2.0 20

6 acyclist is travelling in a straight line along a horizontal road at a constant speed.
a constant driving force f acts on the cyclist in the forward direction shown.
&b
f yr
eac):
ay fs

which statement about the magnitude of the frictional forces acting on the cyclist is correct?
a the magnitude is equal to f.
b_ the magnitude is smaller than f, but greater than zero.
c_ the magnitude is greater than f.
d_ the magnitude is zero.

7 a spring has an unstretched length of 3.0cm. when a force of 60n is applied to the spring, its
length increases to 5.0cm. the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.
what is the spring constant of the spring?
a 7.5n/cm b 12n/cm c 20n/cm d 30n/cm

8 the diagram shows the minimum force f; acting vertically on a lever required to lift a heavy log of
weight w.
lever
pivot f
log ;
(6
ww
the log needs to be lifted by a smaller force than f,. the diagrams show the changes tried. each
diagram has only one change from the original diagram. in each case, f2 is the minimum force
required to lift the log.
p q
lever lever
yf, a,
pivot pivot qf
log log
oz c46
w increasing the length of the w applying the force
lever to the right of the pivot perpendicular to the lever
r
lever
pivot a f
ve
“oo
w increasing the distance
from the log to the pivot
in which situations will f. be smaller than f,?
a p,qandr b pandqonly c_ ponly d qand r only

9 a ball of mass 0.25kg hits a wall at a speed of 16m/s. it then rebounds back along its original
path at a speed of 12m/s.
what is the impulse experienced by the ball during its impact with the wall?
a 1.0ns b 3.0ns c 40ns d 7.0ns

10 a bicycle braking system transfers energy from a kinetic energy store to an internal energy store.
a motor converts energy from a chemical energy store (battery) to a kinetic energy store.
what enables these energy transfers?
braking system motor
a electrical work mechanical work
b electrical work electrical work
cc mechanical work mechanical work
d mechanical work electrical work

11 research is being carried out to produce electrical energy from the fusion of hydrogen nuclei.
which row shows two of the problems in designing a fusion reactor?
temperature why obtaining a high density
needed of hydrogen nuclei is difficult
a very low the nuclei are negatively charged
and repel each other
b very low the nuclei are positively charged
and repel each other
[ey very high the nuclei are negatively charged
and repel each other
d very high the nuclei are positively charged
and repel each other

12 the engine of a motor vehicle develops a large power.
which statement is correct?
a the driving force acting on the vehicle must be large.
b_ the engine must have a very large volume.
c_ the engine must transfer large amounts of energy each second.
d_ the vehicle must be very fast.

13 the graph shows how the pressure due to a liquid varies with the depth beneath the liquid
surface.
the gravitational field strength g is 9.8n/kg.
8000
pressure due to
the liquid/pa 6000
4000
2000
0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80
depth beneath the
liquid surface/m
what is the density of the liquid?
a 200kg/m? b  820kg/m° c 2000kg/m* d = 8200kg/m?

14 what is the lowest possible temperature (absolute zero) and what happens to the energy of
particles at this temperature?
lowest possible afficlecenen
temperature /°c. p gy
a -273 particles have least kinetic energy
b -273 particles have zero gravitational potential energy
cc 0 particles have least kinetic energy
d 0 particles have zero gravitational potential energy

15 which statement about the particles of a substance after condensation is correct?
a_ they are close to each other and slide over each other.
b_ they are close to each other and vibrate about fixed points.
c_ they are far apart from each other and vibrate about fixed points.
d_ they are far apart from each other and move freely within the container.

16 two otherwise identical cars, one black and one white, are at the same initial temperature. the
cars are left in bright sunshine and their temperatures increase. during the night, their
temperatures decrease.

which car shows the greater rate of temperature increase and which car shows the greater rate
of temperature decrease?
greater rate of greater rate of
temperature temperature
increase decrease
a black black
b black white
cc white black
d white white

17 adrop of water from a tap falls onto the surface of some water of constant depth.
© view from above
water waves spread out on the surface of the water.
which statement is correct?
a_ the waves are longitudinal and travel at the same speed in all directions.
b_ the waves are longitudinal and travel more quickly in one direction than in others.
c_ the waves are transverse and travel at the same speed in all directions.
d_ the waves are transverse and travel more quickly in one direction than in others.

18 each point f is one focal length from the centre of the lens. each point 2f is two focal lengths
from the centre of the lens.
which diagram shows a converging lens being used as a magnifying glass?
a b
| f
wef sin ee xi
2f of image 2f of
image
cc i d
ls s&
image at -.__ | ti he
infinity = image | by, py
ne es i si ae
~ > | ~f\
2f of | 2f f |
parallel orn
rays

19 a monochromatic ray of green light in air enters a block of glass.
which property of the ray of light always remains the same as it moves from air to glass?
a wavelength
b_ speed
c frequency
d direction

20 a narrow beam of white light passes through a prism and is dispersed into a spectrum.
white .
light 3
which row is correct?
[[eeteurt [coeur [estou
a blue yellow red
b red blue yellow
cc red yellow blue
d yellow blue red

21 a student writes four statements matching a communication system to the region of the
electromagnetic spectrum that it uses to transmit signals.
which statement is correct?
a_ wireless internet uses visible wavelengths.
b_ mobile phones use x-rays.
c_ cable television uses infrared wavelengths.
d bluetooth uses ultraviolet wavelengths.

22 aship sounds its horn when it is 790 m from a cliff. a passenger on the ship hears the echo 4.8s
later.
what is the speed of the sound?
a 165m/s b 330m/s c 340m/s d 1896m/s

23 which row gives the metal used to make the core of an electromagnet and one property of the
electromagnet?
[metal [propery
a iron permanent magnet
b iron temporary magnet
cc steel permanent magnet
d steel temporary magnet

24 aplastic rod and a dry cloth are uncharged.
the rod is now rubbed with the cloth and they both become charged. the rod becomes
negatively charged because some charged particles move from the cloth to the rod.
what is the charge on the cloth and which particles moved in the charging process?
charge particles
on cloth that moved
a negative electrons
b negative neutrons
cc positive electrons
d positive neutrons

25 a student does an experiment to investigate the resistance of a metal wire.

the graph shows the results from the experiment.

resistance ll

0
0 x

what is plotted on the x-axis?
a diameter of the wire
b length of the wire
c_ temperature of the wire
d current in the wire

26 the cost of electrical energy is $0.25 for each unit of 1kwh. a 2200 w heater is switched on for
48 minutes.
what is the cost of this use?
a $0.44 b_ $0.55 c $26 d $440

27 the table describes four different resistance wires. they are all made from the same metal.
which wire has the smallest resistance?
length of diameter of
wire/m wire/mm
a 2.0 1.0
b 2.0 1.5
cc 3.0 1.0
d 3.0 1.5

28 the circuit shown contains three switches and four lamps p, q, rand s.
/ switch 1
lamp p
)
switch 2 om a
qs)
eae r
ls)
switch 3
lamp s
6)
which switches must be closed to light only lamps p and r?
a switch 1 only
b switch 1 and switch 2
c_ switch 1 and switch 3
d switch 2 and switch 3

29 the diagram shows the magnetic field around a solenoid carrying an electric current.
magnetic field
cen)
what happens to the strength of the magnetic field and the distance between the field lines when
the current is increased?
strength of distance between
magnetic field field lines
a decreases decreases
b decreases increases
cc increases decreases
d increases increases

30 the diagram shows a wire hanging freely between the poles of a magnet. there is a current in
the wire in the direction shown.
wire
s) n
current
the magnet and current cause a force to act on the wire.
in which direction does this force act?
a __ into the page (away from you)
bout of the page (toward you)
c to the left
d to the right

31 which component forms part of a d.c. motor but not a simple moving coil a.c. generator?
a the coil
b_ the brushes
c_ the magnet
d the split-ring commutator

32 a transformer has 5500 turns on the primary coil and 500 turns on the secondary coil.
the output of the secondary coil is 110v a.c. and is connected to a heater. the transformer is
100% efficient.
the heater produces a power of 132 w.
what is the current in the primary coil?
a 0.11a b 0.12a cc 11a d 12a

33 the scattering of alpha-particles from a thin gold foil produces the following observations.

e most of the alpha-particles pass through the foil.
e most of the alpha-particles are virtually undeflected.
e asmall fraction of the alpha-particles are deflected through large angles.
e avery small fraction of the alpha-particles bounce back from the foil.

which conclusion does not follow from these observations?

a most of the mass of the gold atom is in its nucleus.

b_ most of the atom is empty space.

c_ the nucleus consists of protons and neutrons.

d_ the nucleus must be charged.

34 a nuclide of chlorine has the symbol shown.
17cl
what is the nucleon number of this nuclide of chlorine?
a 17 b 18 c 35 d 52

35 which change is occurring in a nucleus during b-emission?
a anelectron and a neutron become one proton.
b_ anelectron and a proton become one neutron.
c a neutron becomes one proton and one electron.
d a proton becomes one neutron and one electron.

36 the graph shows how the count rate registered by a counter near to a sample of a radioactive
isotope changes over a period of a few days. the background count rate is 5 counts per minute.
50
ee ee
countrate 4k | | | | [| |
counts/minute “© nf
gi_k | | [| | [| |
nn ee
oi | pj [ [ | | |
p | | ua
wp) | | [pet ||
ee
of | | tt tt to tt
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
time/days
what is the half-life of the isotope?
a 2.0 days b 2.5 days c 3.0 days d 4.0 days

37 which row about the orbits of the earth and the moon is correct?
approximate time approximate time
for the earth for the moon
to orbit the sun to orbit the earth
a 1 day 30 days
b 30 days 1 day
cc 365 days 1 day
d 365 days 30 days

38 which statement about the orbits of comets is correct?
a comets have elliptical orbits and the sun is at the centre of the orbit.
b comets have elliptical orbits and the sun is not at the centre of the orbit.
c comets have circular orbits and the sun is at the centre of the orbit.
d comets have circular orbits and the sun is not at the centre of the orbit.

39 which row describes the power source for a stable star?
| netics ||
a fission hydrogen
b fission uranium
cc fusion hydrogen
d fusion uranium

40 which quantity can be determined using the brightness of a supernova in a distant galaxy?
a_ the speed at which the galaxy is moving away from the earth
b__ the distance of the galaxy from the earth
c_ the hubble constant
d_ the age of the universe

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