physics

1 a student uses a metre ruler to measure the length of six identical table-tennis balls placed
between two wooden blocks.
32 38 62 65
metre ruler
table-tennis ball wooden block
what is the diameter of one ball?
a 4cm b 5cm c 6cm d 8cm

2. a\train is on a straight track. the graph shows how a quantity y varies with time.
y
0
0 time
which statements can be true?
1 the train is stationary and y represents the distance from the last station.
2 the train is moving and y represents the distance from the last station.
3. the train is stationary and y represents the speed of the train.
4 the train is moving and y represents the speed of the train.
a 1and2 b 1and4 c 2and3 d 3and4

3. avvehicle sent to explore the surface of mars has a mass of 200kg.
the acceleration of free fall on mars is 3.7 m/s?.
what is the weight of the vehicle on mars?
a 20n b 54n c 740n d 2000n

4 a student writes about mass and weight.
which statement is correct?
a_ asship which is floating has mass but no weight.
b_ mass is a scientific word that means the same as weight.
c_ mass is measured in newtons.
d the mass of an astronaut is the same on the moon as on the earth.

5 a student carries out an experiment to determine the density of an irregularly shaped solid. the
solid is placed on a balance and a reading is taken. the solid is then immersed in a liquid in a
measuring cylinder.

which values should be used in the calculation?
value from
f ; value from balance
measuring cylinder

a increase in reading after mass
immersion of the solid

b increase in reading after weight
immersion of the solid

cc reading after mass
immersion of the solid

d reading after weight
immersion of the solid

6 a.uniform rod rests on a pivot at its centre. the rod is not attached to the pivot. forces are then
applied to the rod in four different ways, as shown. the weight of the rod can be ignored.
which diagram shows the rod in equilibrium?
a b
100n 100n
100n 100n
cc d
400n 100n
100n 100n 100n

7 the diagram shows a beam balanced on a pivot. two forces, x and y, are acting on the beam.
! a ; b !
x | ¥
which calculation gives the moment of the force y about the pivot?
a yx(a+b) b mii cc yxb d x

8 amass bounces up and down on a steel spring. the diagram shows the mass and the spring at
different points during the motion.
| mass mass
point moving moving
down up
lowest
point
at which point is the least energy in the gravitational potential store of the mass and at which
point is the most energy in the elastic store of the spring?
least energy in most energy in
gravitational potential the elastic store
store of the mass of the spring
a mass moving down mass moving up
b mass moving down lowest point
cc lowest point mass moving up
d lowest point lowest point

9 electrical power is generated from different resources. some of these resources are listed.

e chemical energy stored in biofuels
e chemical energy stored in fossil fuels
e energy stored in tides
e geothermal resources
e hydroelectric resources
e light from the sun
e nuclear fuel

how many of the resources listed are classified as renewable?

a 3 b 4 cc 5 d 6

10 a microwave oven is rated at 900 watts.
which statement correctly describes the meaning of this value?
a_ 900 joules are transferred every second.
b 900 amperes are transferred every second.
c 900 volts are transferred every second.
d 900 ohms are transferred every second.

11 why is it easier to push a sharp nail, rather than a blunt nail, into a piece of wood?
a_ the sharp nail exerts a larger force on the wood.
b_ the sharp nail exerts a smaller force on the wood.
c_ the sharp nail exerts a larger pressure on the wood.
d_ the sharp nail exerts a smaller pressure on the wood.

12 asealed bottle of constant volume contains air.
the air in the bottle is heated by the sun.
what is the effect on the average speed of the air particles in the bottle and the average distance
between them?
average speed average distance
, : between air
of air particles ;
particles
a decreases decreases
b decreases stays the same
cc increases increases
d increases stays the same

13 which graph shows the relationship between the pressure p of a fixed mass of gas and its
volume v at a constant temperature?
a b c d
va i ie va
0 0 0 0
0 vv 0 vv 0 vv 0 vv

14 what happens when a metal block is heated?
a its width, height and length all increase.
b its width increases only.
c its height increases only.
d its length increases only.

15 which statement about the temperature of the solid describes what happens when a solid is
melting?
a_ the temperature increases and there is an input of energy.
b_ the temperature increases and there is no input of energy.
c_ the temperature remains constant and there is an input of energy.
d_ the temperature remains constant and there is no input of energy.

16 acupboard is placed in front of a heater. air can move through a gap under the cupboard.
te
od
wall
d
cupboard
heater ~_h |
saat air moves through gap
floor
which row describes the temperature and the direction of movement of the air in the gap?
[| aitemperaure | ardrecion
a cool away from the heater
b cool towards the heater
cc warm away from the heater
d warm towards the heater

17 which statement about waves is correct?
a_ all waves can travel through a vacuum.
b_ all waves travel at the same speed.
c_ seismic s-waves can be modelled as longitudinal waves.
d waves transfer energy without transferring matter.

18 the diagram shows a transverse wave.
' ss i
$$ $a!
[a\ lo f \-t/_\
q <>!
which row identifies the amplitude and the wavelength of the wave?
| | amplitude wavelength
a p r
b p ss
cc q r
d q ss

19 a beam of light from the sun strikes a prism.
prism
xx
beam of light z
from the sun
y
white wall
the dispersed beam is incident on a white wall between x and y.
which colours are seen at x, z and y?
pop x | zy
a red green violet
b red violet green
cc violet green red
d violet red green

20 the diagram shows a ray of light incident on a plane mirror.
mirror
aa a
the angle between the ray and the mirror is 35°.
the ray is reflected by the mirror.
what is the angle of reflection?
a 35° b 55° cc 70° d 110°

21 a thin converging lens in a camera produces a real image on a photo-sensitive surface, as
shown.
at which position is the image of the top of the object formed?
thin converging lens
top a
a b
wl ~~ js
4 r lz
_— wane
photo-sensitive
v surface

22 the diagram shows the electromagnetic spectrum.
which types of wave are e, f and g?
ee ee
a radio visible light x-rays
b radio x-rays ultrasound
cc x-rays radio ultrasound
d x-rays visible light radio

23 a sound is produced and an echo is heard after the sound reflects off a wall.
how do the properties of the echo compare to the original sound wave?
[—[ ampitute | reaverey | speed _|

a lower lower lower
b lower same same
cc same lower lower
d same same same

24 which metal can be attracted by a magnet?
a zinc
b_ lead
c_ iron
d copper

25 a student uses an ammeter to measure the current in a resistor. he considers three different
circuits, as shown.
1 2 ic]
in which of the circuits does the ammeter measure the current in the resistor?
a 1,2and3 b 1and2only c= 1only d = 3only

26 which substances both contain large concentrations of free electrons?
a aluminium and glass
b copper and water
c copper and nylon
d - silver and gold

27 what is the unit of resistance?
a ampere
bohm
c volt
d watt

28 a teacher wishes to show the production of electrostatic charges.
she holds a rod and rubs it with a cotton cloth. a copper rod, a glass rod, a plastic rod and a steel
rod are available.
which two rods would both be suitable to use?
a acopper rod and a glass rod
b= aglass rod and a plastic rod
c_ aplastic rod and a copper rod
d_ aplastic rod and a steel rod

29 resistors of resistance 2.0q and 3.0q are connected in two different circuits.
2.00
{ t
what is the total resistance in each circuit?
series parallel
a less than 2.00 less than 2.00
b less than 2.0q greater than 3.00
cc greater than 3.0q less than 2.0q
d greater than 3.0q greater than 3.0q

30 the current in an electrical heater is 5.0a.
the heater is connected to the mains by a flexible cable that can carry a current of up to 15a.
the mains circuit can carry a current of up to 30a.
different fuses are available to protect the heater’s cable.
which fuse is the most suitable?
a 40a b 10a c 20a d 40a

31 a generator uses the principle of electromagnetic induction.
axis of
éail'or rotation
copper wire gc) magnet
life ey
a
vo
which change would increase the induced electromotive force (e.m.f.) in the coil?
a__ increasing the number of turns in the coil
b placing the magnets further apart
c_ using acoil made from steel wire
d_ reversing one of the magnets

32 accurrent passes along a wire placed between the poles of a permanent magnet.
the wire experiences a force due to the magnetic field.
oa
what will change the direction of this force?
a _ increasing the current
b_ reversing the current
c_ increasing the strength of the magnetic field
d using an electromagnet with the same polarity as the permanent magnet

33 what is a transformer used for?
a changing a direct current into an alternating current
b_ changing the magnitude of an alternating voltage
c_ reducing the frequency of an alternating current
d _ switching off the current in a circuit when there is a fault

34 what are the relative charges on a proton, a neutron and an electron?
[pier [ neutron | eecon |
a 0 -1 +1
b 0 -1 -1
cc +1 0 -1
d +1 0 +1

35 the half-life of carbon-14 is 5700 years.

an object containing carbon-14 has a count rate of 100 counts/ minute when it is first formed. the
graph shows how the count rate decreases over time.
which point on the graph corresponds to a time 11400 years after the formation of the object?

100

count rate a
counts/ minute
b
cc
d
0
0 time

36 which type of radioactive decay causes the nucleus of one element to change into the nucleus of
another element?
emission of an emission of a emission of a
alpha-particle beta-particle gamma ray
a v jv x
b v x x
cc x v v
d x v x

37 a scientist needs to use a source of y-rays as safely as possible.
which action will not reduce the total radiation that reaches the scientist?
a_ keeping the distance between the source and the scientist as large as possible
b_ keeping the temperature of the source as low as possible
c_ keeping the time for which the scientist uses the source as small as possible
d placing a lead screen between the scientist and the source

38 which time period is approximately equal to 24 hours?
a the time for the earth to complete one rotation on its axis
b _ the time for the earth to orbit the sun
c the time for the moon to orbit the earth
d the time for the sun to orbit the earth

39 the nearest star to the sun is about four light-years away from the earth.
a student makes three statements about the star.
1 light from the star takes about four years to reach the earth.
2 light from the sun takes about four years to travel to the star and back to the earth.
3. the star is outside our galaxy.
which statements are correct?
a 1,2and3 b 1and3only c 1 only d 2and3 only

40 the table shows some elements and some regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
which row shows one of the most common elements in the sun and one of the regions in which
the sun radiates most of its energy?
| aement | raion
a iron gamma
b iron infrared
cc hydrogen gamma
d hydrogen infrared

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