physics

1. which quantity is a scalar quantity?
a acceleration
b_ force
c_ time
d velocity

2 a student measures the average speed of a cyclist in a race.

which quantities must she measure?

a the total time taken to complete the race and the time taken for the cyclist to reach her
highest speed

b the total time taken to complete the race and the total distance travelled by the cyclist at her
highest speed

c the total time taken to complete the race and the total distance travelled by the cyclist

d the time taken to reach her highest speed and the total distance travelled by the cyclist

3 the diagram shows a series of images of a moving object taken at regular intervals.
the object is moving from left to right.
@eee0ee e e e e
which statement describes the motion of the object?
a_ the object accelerates continuously.
b_ the object decelerates continuously.
c_ the object travels at constant speed and then accelerates.
d_ the object travels at constant speed and then decelerates.

4 aplastic ball has a mass of 4.0g and a volume of 20cm’.
there is a crack in the ball’s surface.
the ball is placed in a bath of water. water leaks into the ball without changing the volume of the
ball and eventually the ball sinks.
the density of water = 1.0g/cm’*.
which mass of water has entered the ball when the top of the ball is first level with the water
surface?
a 5.0g b 16g c 20g d 24g

5 assatellite orbits the earth at constant speed in a circular orbit.
which statement is correct?
a_ the resultant force on the satellite is zero.
b_ the resultant force on the satellite is towards the earth.
c_ the resultant force on the satellite is away from the earth.
d_ the resultant force on the satellite is in the direction of its motion.

6 the diagrams show four identical objects. each object is acted on by only the forces shown.
which diagram shows an object in equilibrium?
a b cc d
10n 10n 10n 10n 10n 20n
10n - - 10n
20n 10n 10n 10n

7 a resultant force f accelerates a car of mass m along a straight horizontal road from rest to a
speed v in time t, giving it momentum p.
which pair of relationships for this situation is correct?
a pt=mv and f=pt
b p=mv and f=pt
c p=mv and ft=p
d p=mvt and ft=v

8 the diagram shows part of a rollercoaster ride with the car at different positions.
the car runs freely down from position x to position y and up the hill on the other side.
car
ba
main re
kerrie as
kp ax
peepee emi
array at moree
ldvvddd dd pb addi
¥
what happens to the energy in the kinetic store and the gravitational potential store of the car as
it moves from position x to position y?
| cme. |
potential store
a decreases decreases
b decreases increases
cc increases decreases
d increases increases

9 a box is initially at rest at the top of a rough slope.
the box slides down the slope.
the weight of the box is 20 n.
the slope is 4.0m long and 2.0m high.
4.0m
2.0m
the box does 10j of work against friction as it slides down the slope.
what is the speed of the box as it reaches the bottom of the slope?
a 54m/s b 6.3m/s c 7.1m/s d 9.5m/s

10 anelectric car is charged overnight. in 8.0 hours, 180 mj of energy is transferred.
what is the power of the charger?
a 6.3kw b 380kw c 23mw d 1400 mw

11 an object is a depth h below the surface of a liquid. the pressure due to the liquid at this depth is
p. the gravitational field strength is g.
what is the density ¢ of the liquid?
h g hg

12 brownian motion is the random motion of particles.
in which states of matter is brownian motion observed?
a _sgases, liquids and solids
b_sgases and liquids only
c_ gases and solids only
d liquids and solids only

13 the volume of a fixed mass of gas is varied. the temperature remains constant.
which graph shows how the pressure p of the gas varies with volume v?
a b cc d
p p p p
0 0 } 0
0 v 0 v 0 1 0 all
vv vv

14 liquid evaporates from a beaker.
what happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid and how does this temperature change
affect the rate of evaporation?
|_| treet | ait cton
temperature :
evaporation

a decreases decreases

b decreases increases

cc increases decreases

d increases increases

15 thermal energy ae is supplied to an object of mass m which does not change its state during the
heating process. the temperature of the object rises by at.
what is the specific heat capacity of the object?
a ae b mat cc aeat d aem
mat ae m at

16 a room is heated by a radiator. the diagrams x and y show two possible circulations of hot air,
which heat the room.
diagram x ceiling diagram y ceiling
radiator radiator
floor floor
va va
which diagram and reason explain the heating of the room by convection?
| aeram [reason
a x air density decreases when air is heated
b x air density increases when air is heated
cc y air density decreases when air is heated
d y air density increases when air is heated

17 astudent writes down some facts about two transverse waves.
wave 1 has a frequency fand a velocity v.
wave 2 has four times the frequency of wave 1 and is travelling at a velocity of 2v.
what is the wavelength of wave 2 in terms of f and v?
a & b 8iv e = p &
vv f 2f

18 straight wavefronts on the surface of a ripple tank approach a gap in a barrier. the diagram
shows how the wavefronts change shape as they pass through the gap.
barrier
straight wavefronts 1
ml, on)
|
what is the name of this effect?
a diffraction
b propagation
c_ reflection
d refraction

19 light travels from air into glass.
what is the relationship between the refractive index n of the glass, the angle of incidence j and
the angle of refraction r?
a nat b wet c n= sini d n=si0r
r i sinr sini

20 which diagram shows the image correctly formed by reflection?
a b
object image object image
mirror mirror
cc d
object image object image
mirror mirror

21 a student passes parallel rays of light through four different converging lenses. he measures the
distance x and the distance y for each experiment.
a
v
1 '
<——_y ‘
which lens has the longest focal length?
[xen [ven |
a 46 2.0
b tora 3.1
cc 5.9 2.3
d 6.1 2.4

22 the frequency of the microwaves used in a microwave oven is 2400 mhz.
what is the wavelength of these microwaves?
a 0.125m b 8.00m c 125m d 7200m

23 which row gives typical values for the speed of sound in a solid and in a gas?
eae |
m/s m/s
a 3 30
b 30 3
cc 300 3000
d 3000 300

24 ahard magnetic material can be used to make a permanent magnet.
a soft magnetic material can be used to make a temporary magnet.
which row shows whether iron and steel are hard or soft magnetic materials?
[ten sce
a hard hard
b hard soft
cc soft hard
d soft soft

25 a power source is connected to a resistor xy.
x
+
¥
in which directions are the conventional current and the flow of free electrons through the
resistor?
conventional free electron
current flow
a x to y x to y
b x to y y tox
cc y tox x to y
d y tox y tox

26 which unit is used to measure electromotive force (e.m.f.)?
a ampere
b_ joule
c_ volt
d watt

27 the graph shows the current-voltage characteristic for a filament lamp.
current
a
0) voltage
which statement describes how the resistance of the lamp changes as the voltage increases?
a_ the resistance decreases to zero.
b_ the resistance decreases, but not to zero.
c_ the resistance increases.
d_ the resistance remains constant.

28 inthe diagram, rod r is suspended from an insulating thread.
insulating
thread
q
r
moves away
from rod q
o
when the positively charged rod q is brought close to rod r, rod r moves away from rod q.
which conclusion can be made from this observation?
a_ rod ris charged, but it is not possible to identify the sign of the charge.
b rod r must be positively charged.
c_ rod r must be negatively charged.
d_ rod r is uncharged.

29 the circuit diagram shows a circuit used to run a d.c. motor from an a.c. supply.
which graph shows the current in the motor?
a b
current current
0 0
| time | time
cc d
current current
0 0
| time | time

30 the circuit shown can be completed by inserting components at x and at y. the completed
circuit is a potential divider in which the potential difference across component y increases when
the temperature increases.

x!
= to!
_ id
¥
which row shows the components x and y?
a ee ee ee
a light-dependent resistor resistor
b resistor light-dependent resistor
cc resistor thermistor
d thermistor resistor

31. a piece of soft iron xy has a coil of wire wound round it.
magnet soft iron
- esvitnannannains
ae
the n pole of a bar magnet is pulled away from end x which causes an induced current in the
coil.
the magnet is now turned round so that the n pole is on the left. it is taken to the other end of the
soft iron and the n pole is pushed towards end y. a new current is induced in the coil.
which statement is correct?
a_ the new induced current is in the opposite direction and causes the soft iron to attract the
n pole.
b_ the new induced current is in the opposite direction and causes the soft iron to repel the
n pole.
c_ the new induced current is in the same direction and causes the soft iron to attract the
n pole.
d_ the new induced current is in the same direction and causes the soft iron to repel the n pole.

32 the diagram shows a wire in the magnetic field between two poles of a magnet.
magnet
4
(ny
wire
the current in the wire repeatedly changes between a constant value in one direction and a
constant value in the opposite direction, as shown in the graph.
current
0
| time
what is the effect on the wire?
a_ the force on the wire alternates between one direction and the opposite direction.
b_ the force on the wire is constant in size and direction.
c_ there is no force acting on the wire at any time.
d_ there is only a force on the wire when the current reverses.

33 a transformer has n, turns on its primary coil and n, turns on its secondary coil. the voltage
across the primary coil is v, and the voltage across the secondary coil is vs.
what is the relationship between these four quantities?

a vx vs = np x ns
p yeu"
vs n,
c vei ns
v; np
v,
d —= np x ng
vs

34 a magnesium ion has a double positive charge and a chloride ion has a single negative charge.
which statement is correct?
a_ achlorine atom gains an electron to form the chloride ion.
b~ achlorine atom loses a proton to form the chloride ion.
c amagnesium atom loses an electron to form the magnesium ion.
d amagnesium atom gains two electrons to form the magnesium ion.

35 which row correctly describes an example of radioactive decay?
original — change or
emission
nucleus no change of element
a stable y change of element
b unstable a change of element
cc unstable a no change of element
d unstable b no change of element

36 a radioactive isotope of sodium has a half-life of 15h.

the table gives data from an experiment to show how the rate of decay of the isotope varies with

time.

the background count rate has not been subtracted from these data.

em [0 | [| a |

countraté | 400 | 260 | 170 | 115
counts/s

what is the background radiation count rate?

a 12 counts/s

b15 counts/s

c 20 counts/s

d 30 counts/s

37 what happens in the process of nuclear fission?
a electrons are added to a nucleus.
b_ electrons are removed from a nucleus.
c_ the nucleus of an atom splits.
d_ two atomic nuclei join together.

38 the time taken for the earth to orbit the sun is approximately 365 days.
the average radius of the earth’s orbit around the sun is 1.5 x 10®°km.
what is the average orbital speed of the earth?

a 30m/s

b 4.8x 10°m/s
c 3.0x10*m/s
d 4.1x10m/s

39 the sun transfers energy to the earth through electromagnetic radiation.
what are two of the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum to which most of the energy belongs?
a gamma rays and x-rays
b _ infrared radiation and visible light
c_ microwaves and visible light
d_ radio waves and microwaves

40 how does the sun produce its energy?
a by the fission of helium
b by the fission of hydrogen
c by the fusion of helium
d by the fusion of hydrogen

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